Barley rootlets, dried

Dried byproduct of brewery consisting of the rootlets and germs of sprouted barley grains (Hordeum vulgare L.) obtained after cleaning the malted barley. Other name: malt culms.

Values

Main constituents
Parameter As fed On DM Unit Other Unit SD Range Count SD Range Count SD Range Count
Dry matter 89.8 100 % - 2.4 70.8 -96 388 3.8
Crude protein 20.3 22.6 % - 2.9 12 -30.9 492 3.2 13.5 -32.7 382
Crude fibre 12.4 13.9 % - 1.6 7.2 -19.4 447 1.8 9.2 -20.7 350
Crude fat 1.6 1.8 % - 0.4 0.7 -3.6 546 0.4 0.7 -3.9 540
Ash 5.3 5.9 % - 0.7 3.3 -10 317 0.7 3.7 -8 237
Insoluble ash 1.2 1.3 % - 0.5 0.3 -1.9 10 0.6 0.4 -2.1 9
NDF 40.1 44.6 % - 4.9 30.6 -48.2 53 5.3 35.5 -53.7 47
ADF 14.8 16.5 % - 1.8 10.4 -18 52 2 12.4 -19.9 46
Lignin 2.3 2.6 % - 0.5 0.4 -2.5 73 0.5 0.5 -3 74
Water insoluble cell walls 37.9 42.3 % - 34.9 -41 2
Starch 14.8 16.5 % - 5.6 2.9 -34.6 457 6.3 3.3 -38.4 363
Starch, enzymatic method 14.4 16 % -
Total sugars 9.9 11 % - 2.9 4.7 -17.1 45 3.2 5.3 -18.8 42
Gross energy (kcal) 3940 4390 kcal/kg - 150 3910 -4380 7 130 4140 -4680 13
Gross energy (MJ) 16.5 18.4 MJ/kg - 0.6 16.4 -18.3 7 0.5 17.3 -19.6 13
Mineral elements
Parameter As fed On DM Unit Other Unit SD Range Count SD Range Count SD Range Count
Calcium 2 2.3 g/kg - 0.7 0.8 -3.9 97 0.8 0.9 -4.5 94
Phosphorus 5.4 6 g/kg - 1 3.1 -8.5 119 1.1 3.5 -12.2 111
Phytate phosphorus 1.3 1.5 g/kg 25 % P
Magnesium 1.5 1.7 g/kg - 0.4 1.4 -2.5 6 0.4 1.5 -2.6 6
Potassium 11.8 13.1 g/kg - 3.6 9.1 -19.4 7 4 10.3 -21.9 7
Sodium 0.25 0.28 g/kg - 0.14 0.06 -0.58 40 0.16 0.07 -0.66 38
Chlorine 3.7 4.1 g/kg - 1.7 2.2 -7.4 6 1.9 2.5 -7.7 6
Sulfur 3.3 3.7 g/kg -
Dietary cation-anion difference 2 2 mEq/kg -
Electrolyte balance 210 234 mEq/kg -
Manganese 71 80 mg/kg - 19 55 -115 6 22 62 -119 6
Zinc 93 104 mg/kg - 15 72 -125 7 17 80 -130 7
Copper 12 13 mg/kg - 3 9 -17 7 3 10 -18 7
Iron 446 497 mg/kg - 225 122 -748 7 250 134 -824 7
Selenium 0.6 0.7 mg/kg -
Cobalt 0.1 0.1 mg/kg -
Molybdenum 1 1 mg/kg -
Fatty acids
Parameter As fed On DM Unit Other Unit SD Range Count SD Range Count SD Range Count
C6 + C8 + C10 fatty acids 0 0 g/kg 0 % FA
C12:0 lauric acid 0 0 g/kg 0 % FA
C14:0 myristic acid 0.03 0.03 g/kg 0.4 % FA 0.3-0.5 2
C16:0 palmitic acid 1.5 1.7 g/kg 21.2 % FA 0.3 1 -1.7 5 0.3 1 -1.9 5 2 19-26.9 13
C16:1 palmitoleic acid 0.01 0.01 g/kg 0.2 % FA 1
C18:0 stearic acid 0.08 0.09 g/kg 1.1 % FA 0.5 0.6-2.3 12
C18:1 oleic acid 1 1.1 g/kg 13.4 % FA 2.2 11.4-17.8 12
C18:2 linoleic acid 4.1 4.5 g/kg 55.9 % FA 1.2 53-57.5 12
C18:3 linolenic acid 0.6 0.7 g/kg 8.7 % FA 2.3 4.4-11.6 12
C18:4 stearidonic acid 0 0 g/kg 0 % FA
C20:0 arachidic acid 0.07 0.07 g/kg 0.9 % FA 1
C20:1 eicosenoic acid 0 0 g/kg 0 % FA
C20:4 arachidonic acid 0 0 g/kg 0 % FA
C20:5 eicosapentaenoic acid 0 0 g/kg 0 % FA
C22:0 behenic acid 0 0 g/kg 0 % FA
C22:1 erucic acid 0 0 g/kg 0 % FA
C22:5 docosapentaenoic acid 0 0 g/kg 0 % FA
C22:6 docosahexaenoic acid 0 0 g/kg 0 % FA
C24:0 lignoceric acid 0 0 g/kg 0 % FA
Fatty acids 0.7 0.8 % 45 % fat
Vitamins and pigments
Parameter As fed On DM Unit Other Unit SD Range Count SD Range Count SD Range Count
Vitamin D 0 0 1000 IU/kg -
Ruminants
Parameter As fed On DM Unit Other Unit SD Range Count SD Range Count SD Range Count
UFL INRA 2018 0.8 0.89 per kg -
UFV INRA 2018 0.75 0.84 per kg -
PDIA INRA 2018 43 47 g/kg -
PDI INRA 2018 90 100 g/kg -
Rumen protein balance INRA 2018 57 64 g/kg -
Fill Unit ruminants INRA 2018 0.255 0.284 per kg -
ME ruminants INRA 2018 (kcal) 2230 2480 kcal/kg -
NE lactation ruminants INRA 2018 (kcal) 1410 1570 kcal/kg -
NE meat production ruminants INRA 2018 (kcal) 1330 1480 kcal/kg -
ME ruminants INRA 2018 (MJ) 9.2 10.3 MJ/kg -
NE lactation ruminants INRA 2018 (MJ) 5.8 6.5 MJ/kg -
NE meat production ruminants INRA 2018 (MJ) 5.5 6.1 MJ/kg -
OM digestibility ruminants INRA 2018 - 70.7 %
Energy digestibility ruminants INRA 2018 - 69 %
N degradability ruminants INRA 2018 - 71 %
Starch degradability ruminants INRA 2018 - 89 %
DM degradability ruminants INRA 2018 - 62 %
Lysine ruminants INRA 2018 - 6.7 % PDI
Threonine ruminants INRA 2018 - 4.8 % PDI
Methionine ruminants INRA 2018 - 2 % PDI
Isoleucine ruminants INRA 2018 - 4.8 % PDI
Valine ruminants INRA 2018 - 5.6 % PDI
Leucine ruminants INRA 2018 - 8.3 % PDI
Phenylalanine ruminants INRA 2018 - 5.1 % PDI
Histidine ruminants INRA 2018 - 2.1 % PDI
Arginine ruminants INRA 2018 - 4.8 % PDI
UFL FL1 INRA 2018 0.82 0.92 per kg -
UFV FL1 INRA 2018 0.78 0.87 per kg -
PDIA FL1 INRA 2018 38 42 g/kg -
PDI FL1 INRA 2018 86 96 g/kg -
Rumen protein balance FL1 INRA 2018 62 69 g/kg -
UFL FL4 INRA 2018 0.76 0.85 per kg -
UFV FL4 INRA 2018 0.71 0.79 per kg -
PDIA FL4 INRA 2018 50 56 g/kg -
PDI FL4 INRA 2018 96 107 g/kg -
Rumen protein balance FL4 INRA 2018 48 54 g/kg -
UFL INRA 2007 0.78 0.87 per kg -
UFL INRA 2007 0.79 0.88 per kg -
UFV INRA 2007 0.72 0.81 per kg -
UFV INRA 2007 0.73 0.82 per kg -
PDIA INRA 2007 43 48 g/kg -
PDIN INRA 2007 125 140 g/kg -
PDIE INRA 2007 91 101 g/kg -
ME ruminants INRA 2007 (kcal) 2220 2480 kcal/kg -
ME ruminants INRA 2007 (MJ) 9.3 10.4 MJ/kg -
ME ruminants INRA 2007 (MJ) 9.2 10.3 MJ/kg -
OM digestibility ruminants INRA 2007 - 72.1 % 64.5-79.5 2
Energy digestibility ruminants INRA 2007 - 70.3 %
N digestibility ruminants - 71.5 % 1
N digestibility, intestinal, ruminants - 72 % 1
NDF digestibility ruminants - 68 %
N degradability ruminants (k=0.06) - 73 % 63-79 4
Immediately degradable N (a) - 50 % 1
Potentially degradable N (b) - 40 % 1
Degradation rate of particles N (c) - 0.085 h-1 1
Starch degradability, ruminants (k=0.06) - 95 %
DM degradability ruminants (k=0.06) - 64 % 56-65 4
Immediately degradable DM (a) - 42 % 1
Potentially degradable DM (b) - 48 % 1
Degradation rate of particles DM (c) - 0.05 h-1 1
Fatty acids digestibility ruminants - 53.3 %
Absorbable P ruminants 4.2 4.7 g/kg 78 % P
Absorbable Ca ruminants 1.1 1.3 g/kg 55 % Ca
Lysine ruminants INRA 2007 - 6.8 % PDIE
Threonine ruminants INRA 2007 - 5 % PDIE
Methionine ruminants INRA 2007 - 1.8 % PDIE
Isoleucine ruminants INRA 2007 - 5.1 % PDIE
Valine ruminants INRA 2007 - 5.7 % PDIE
Leucine ruminants INRA 2007 - 8.3 % PDIE
Phenylalanine ruminants INRA 2007 - 5.1 % PDIE
Histidine ruminants INRA 2007 - 2.1 % PDIE
Arginine ruminants INRA 2007 - 4.7 % PDIE
VEM CVB 2018 787 877 per kg -
VEVI CVB 2018 803 895 per kg -
DVE CVB 1991 74 83 g/kg -
OEB CVB 1991 64 71 g/kg -
DVLYS CVB 1991 3.9 4.4 g/kg -
DVMET CVB 1991 1.4 1.5 g/kg -
TDN 1x ruminants NRC 2001 62.2 69.3 % -
DE 1x ruminants NRC 2001 2.89 3.21 Mcal/kg -
NE Lactation 3x ruminants NRC 2001 1.43 1.59 Mcal/kg -
NE Lactation 4x ruminants NRC 2001 1.34 1.5 Mcal/kg -
NE Maintenance 3x ruminants NRC 2001 1.55 1.72 Mcal/kg -
NE Gain 3x ruminants NRC 2001 0.99 1.11 Mcal/kg -
Rumen Undegradable Protein (diet 25% concentrate) NRC 2001 - 25 %
Rumen Undegradable Protein (diet 50% concentrate) NRC 2001 - 29 %
EN Lactation ruminants GfE 5.6 6.2 MJ/kg -
nxP ruminants GfE 150 167 g/kg -
RNB ruminants GfE 9 9 g/kg -
Pigs
Parameter As fed On DM Unit Other Unit SD Range Count SD Range Count SD Range Count
DE growing pig (kcal) 2380 2650 kcal/kg - 1 1
ME growing pig (kcal) 2220 2470 kcal/kg -
NE growing pig (kcal) 1480 1650 kcal/kg -
DE adult pig (kcal) 2560 2850 kcal/kg -
ME adult pig (kcal) 2360 2630 kcal/kg -
NE adult pig (kcal) 1570 1750 kcal/kg -
DE growing pig (MJ) 9.9 11.1 MJ/kg - 1 1
ME growing pig (MJ) 9.3 10.3 MJ/kg -
NE growing pig (MJ) 6.2 6.9 MJ/kg -
DE adult pig (MJ) 10.7 11.9 MJ/kg -
ME adult pig (MJ) 9.9 11 MJ/kg -
NE adult pig (MJ) 6.6 7.3 MJ/kg -
Energy digestibility growing pig - 60.3 %
Energy digestibility adult pig - 64.9 %
OM digestibility growing pig - 63.7 %
OM digestibility adult pig - 68 %
N digestibility growing pig - 78.2 % 1
N digestibility adult pig - 83.6 %
Crude fat digestibility pig - 0 %
Digestible P pig (no phytase) 1.9 2.1 g/kg 35 %
Digestible P pig (with phytase) 2.8 3.1 g/kg 53 %
Poultry
Parameter As fed On DM Unit Other Unit SD Range Count SD Range Count SD Range Count
AMEn cockerel (kcal) 1820 2020 kcal/kg - 220 1240 -1960 6 240 1370 -2030 6
AMEn broiler (kcal) 1800 2010 kcal/kg -
AMEn cockerel (MJ) 7.6 8.5 MJ/kg -
AMEn broiler (MJ) 7.5 8.4 MJ/kg -
Available P cockerel 1.3 1.5 g/kg 25 % P
Available P broiler 1.3 1.5 g/kg 25 % P
Horses
Parameter As fed On DM Unit Other Unit SD Range Count SD Range Count SD Range Count
OM digestibility horse - 65.9 %
Energy digestibility horse - 63.6 %
Horse Forage Unit 0.71 0.79 per kg -
Digestible crude protein horse 138 154 g/kg -
Rabbits
Parameter As fed On DM Unit Other Unit SD Range Count SD Range Count SD Range Count
DE rabbit (kcal) 2660 2960 kcal/kg -
ME rabbit (kcal) 2500 2790 kcal/kg -
DE rabbit (MJ) 11.1 12.4 MJ/kg -
ME rabbit (MJ) 10.5 11.7 MJ/kg -
Energy digestibility rabbit - 67.5 %
N digestibility rabbit - 63.1 %
Fish
Parameter As fed On DM Unit Other Unit SD Range Count SD Range Count SD Range Count
DE salmonids (kcal) 2260 2520 kcal/kg -
DE salmonids (MJ) 9.5 10.5 MJ/kg -
Energy digestibility, salmonids - 57.4 %
N digestibility salmonids - 85 %
Amino acids
Parameter As fed On DM Unit Other Unit SD Range Count SD Range Count SD Range Count
Lysine 9.1 10.1 g/kg 4.5 g/16g N 1.9 8 -15.3 12 2.1 9.1 -16 11 0.3 4-5.3 12
Threonine 6.9 7.7 g/kg 3.4 g/16g N 0.2 3-3.5 8
Methionine 3.1 3.4 g/kg 1.5 g/16g N 0.4 2.8 -4.4 11 0.5 3.1 -4.5 10 0.2 1.1-1.6 11
Cystine 3.4 3.8 g/kg 1.7 g/16g N 0.5 2.7 -4.4 10 0.5 3.1 -4.5 9
Methionine + cystine 6.5 7.3 g/kg 3.2 g/16g N 0.8 5.6 -8.7 10 0.9 6.3 -9 9
Tryptophan 2.3 2.6 g/kg 1.1 g/16g N 1 1 0.9-1.4 2
Isoleucine 7.3 8.1 g/kg 3.6 g/16g N 0.3 3-3.8 7
Valine 9.8 10.9 g/kg 4.8 g/16g N 0.3 4.2-5 7
Leucine 14 15.6 g/kg 6.9 g/16g N 2.2 11.2 -17.8 7 2.4 12.5 -20 8
Phenylalanine 9.1 10.1 g/kg 4.5 g/16g N 0.8 6.7 -9.7 6
Tyrosine 5.9 6.5 g/kg 2.9 g/16g N 0.9 4.7 -7.3 6 1 5.3 -7.9 7
Phenylalanine + tyrosine 15 16.7 g/kg 7.4 g/16g N 1.7 11.4 -17 6 1.8 12.9 -17.6 7
Histidine 4.4 4.9 g/kg 2.1 g/16g N 0.1 1.8-2.2 7
Arginine 9.4 10.4 g/kg 4.6 g/16g N 1.8 8.8 -13.3 6 2 9.9 -14.8 7 0.4 3.6-4.9 7
Alanine 9.3 10.4 g/kg 4.6 g/16g N 0.3 4.1-4.7 6
Aspartic acid 13.4 14.9 g/kg 6.6 g/16g N
Glutamic acid 38.2 42.5 g/kg 18.8 g/16g N
Glycine 7.7 8.6 g/kg 3.8 g/16g N 0.2 3.4-3.9 6
Serine 8.1 9 g/kg 4 g/16g N 1.5 7.2 -11.4 6 1.6 8.1 -12.8 7
Proline 17.4 19.4 g/kg 8.6 g/16g N
Pigs, amino acids
Parameter As fed On DM Unit Other Unit SD Range Count SD Range Count SD Range Count
Lysine, ileal standardised, pig 5.6 6.2 g/kg 61 % 1 1
Threonine, ileal standardised, pig 3.4 3.8 g/kg 49 % 1 1
Methionine, ileal standardised, pig 2.3 2.5 g/kg 73 % 1 1
Cystine, ileal standardised, pig 1 1.1 g/kg 30 % 1 1
Methionine + cystine, ileal standardised, pig 3.3 3.7 g/kg 50 %
Tryptophan, ileal standardised, pig 1.5 1.7 g/kg 67 %
Isoleucine, ileal standardised, pig 4.6 5.1 g/kg 63 % 1 1
Valine, ileal standardised, pig 5.8 6.4 g/kg 59 % 1 1
Leucine, ileal standardised, pig 8.1 9 g/kg 58 % 1 1
Phenylalanine, ileal standardised, pig 4.9 5.5 g/kg 54 % 1 1
Tyrosine, ileal standardised, pig 1.1 1.2 g/kg 18 % 1 1
Phenylananine + tyrosine, ileal standardised, pig 6 6.6 g/kg 40 %
Histidine, ileal standardised, pig 2.5 2.8 g/kg 58 % 1 1
Arginine, ileal standardised, pig 6.6 7.4 g/kg 71 % 1 1
Alanine, ileal standardised, pig 4.9 5.5 g/kg 53 % 1 1
Aspartic acid, ileal standardised, pig 9.9 11.1 g/kg 74 % 1 1
Glutamic acid, ileal standardised, pig 24.8 27.6 g/kg 65 % 1 1
Glycine, ileal standardised, pig 2.8 3.2 g/kg 37 % 1 1
Serine, ileal standardised, pig 3.7 4.1 g/kg 46 % 1 1
Proline, ileal standardised, pig 11.5 12.8 g/kg 66 % 1 1
Poultry, amino acids
Parameter As fed On DM Unit Other Unit SD Range Count SD Range Count SD Range Count
Lysine, ileal standardized, poultry 6.4 7.2 g/kg 71 %
Threonine, ileal standardized, poultry 4.6 5.2 g/kg 67 %
Methionine, ileal standardized, poultry 2.4 2.7 g/kg 78 %
Cystine, ileal standardized, poultry 2.3 2.5 g/kg 66 %
Methionine + cystine, ileal standardized, poultry 4.7 5.2 g/kg 72 %
Tryptophan, ileal standardized, poultry 1.6 1.8 g/kg 71 %
Isoleucine, ileal standardized, poultry 5.4 6 g/kg 74 %
Valine, ileal standardized, poultry 7.1 7.9 g/kg 72 %
Leucine, ileal standardized, poultry 10.2 11.4 g/kg 73 %
Phenylalanine, ileal standardized, poultry 6.8 7.6 g/kg 75 %
Tyrosine, ileal standardized, poultry 4.1 4.5 g/kg 70 %
Phenylalanine + tyrosine, ileal standardized, poultry 10.9 12.1 g/kg 73 %
Histidine, ileal standardized, poultry 3.1 3.5 g/kg 71 %
Arginine, ileal standardized, poultry 7 7.8 g/kg 75 %
Alanine, ileal standardized, poultry 6.7 7.5 g/kg 72 %
Aspartic acid, ileal standardized, poultry 9.3 10.3 g/kg 69 %
Glutamic acid, ileal standardized, poultry 29 32.3 g/kg 76 %
Glycine, ileal standardized, poultry 5.2 5.8 g/kg 67 %
Serine, ileal standardized, poultry 5.7 6.4 g/kg 71 %
Proline, ileal standardized, poultry 12.7 14.1 g/kg 73 %
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