Vinasse, from yeast production, protein 40%

Humid byproduct of the production of bakery yeast from molasses. It should contain about 40% of crude protein (as fed, calculated as nitrogen x 6.25). It has been partly depotassified by action of ammonium sulfate.

Values

Main constituents
Parameter As fed On DM Unit Other Unit SD Range Count SD Range Count SD Range Count
Dry matter 68.1 100 % - 2.9 59.1 -77 333 6.1
Crude protein 41.7 61.3 % - 2.8 36 -44 391 3.2 51.3 -76.4 314
Crude fibre 0 0 % -
Crude fat 0.7 1.1 % - 0.3 -1.3 2 0.4 -1.7 2
Ash 7 10.3 % - 2.1 2.7 -13 228 3.1 3.8 -19.3 229
Insoluble ash 0.01 0.01 % -
NDF 0 0 % -
ADF 0 0 % -
Lignin 0 0 % -
Water insoluble cell walls 0 0 % -
Starch 0 0 % -
Starch, enzymatic method 0 0 % -
Total sugars 2.4 3.5 % - 1.7 1 -7.5 29 2.4 1.4 -10.2 29
Gross energy (kcal) 3090 4530 kcal/kg - 1 1
Gross energy (MJ) 12.9 19 MJ/kg - 1 1
Mineral elements
Parameter As fed On DM Unit Other Unit SD Range Count SD Range Count SD Range Count
Calcium 1.7 2.5 g/kg - 1.1 0.4 -4.6 28 1.6 0.6 -6.4 28
Phosphorus 1 1.5 g/kg - 0.3 0.7 -2.5 29 0.5 1 -3.4 29
Phytate phosphorus 0.1 0.2 g/kg 10 % P
Magnesium 1.4 2 g/kg - 1 1
Potassium 16.7 24.4 g/kg - 8.4 2.8 -37.7 91 12.3 4 -53.3 90
Sodium 10.4 15.27 g/kg - 3.59 4.16 -17.84 50 5.23 5.85 -25.4 50
Chlorine 30 44 g/kg - 1 1
Sulfur 10.5 15.4 g/kg -
Dietary cation-anion difference -620 -910 mEq/kg -
Electrolyte balance 35 51 mEq/kg -
Manganese 22 32 mg/kg -
Zinc 94 138 mg/kg -
Copper 9 13 mg/kg -
Iron 175 256 mg/kg -
Selenium 0 0 mg/kg -
Fatty acids
Parameter As fed On DM Unit Other Unit SD Range Count SD Range Count SD Range Count
C6 + C8 + C10 fatty acids 0 0 g/kg 0 % FA
C12:0 lauric acid 0.3 0.4 g/kg 4.5 % FA 1
C14:0 myristic acid 0.2 0.3 g/kg 3 % FA 1
C16:0 palmitic acid 2.5 3.7 g/kg 44.2 % FA 1
C16:1 palmitoleic acid 1 1.4 g/kg 16.9 % FA 1
C18:0 stearic acid 0.8 1.2 g/kg 13.9 % FA 1
C18:1 oleic acid 0.4 0.6 g/kg 7.3 % FA 1
C18:2 linoleic acid 0.2 0.2 g/kg 2.9 % FA 1
C18:3 linolenic acid 0 0 g/kg 0 % FA 1
C18:4 stearidonic acid 0 0 g/kg 0 % FA
C20:0 arachidic acid 0 0 g/kg 0 % FA
C20:1 eicosenoic acid 0 0 g/kg 0 % FA
C20:4 arachidonic acid 0 0 g/kg 0 % FA
C20:5 eicosapentaenoic acid 0 0 g/kg 0 % FA
C22:0 behenic acid 0 0 g/kg 0 % FA
C22:1 erucic acid 0 0 g/kg 0 % FA
C22:5 docosapentaenoic acid 0 0 g/kg 0 % FA
C22:6 docosahexaenoic acid 0 0 g/kg 0 % FA
C24:0 lignoceric acid 0 0 g/kg 0 % FA
Fatty acids 0.6 0.8 % 80 % fat
Vitamins and pigments
Parameter As fed On DM Unit Other Unit SD Range Count SD Range Count SD Range Count
Vitamin D 0 0 1000 IU/kg -
Ruminants
Parameter As fed On DM Unit Other Unit SD Range Count SD Range Count SD Range Count
UFL INRA 2018 0.64 0.95 per kg -
UFV INRA 2018 0.61 0.9 per kg -
PDIA INRA 2018 11 16 g/kg -
PDI INRA 2018 49 72 g/kg -
Rumen protein balance INRA 2018 320 470 g/kg -
Fill Unit ruminants INRA 2018 0.026 0.038 per kg -
ME ruminants INRA 2018 (kcal) 1780 2610 kcal/kg -
NE lactation ruminants INRA 2018 (kcal) 1130 1660 kcal/kg -
NE meat production ruminants INRA 2018 (kcal) 1070 1580 kcal/kg -
ME ruminants INRA 2018 (MJ) 7.4 10.9 MJ/kg -
NE lactation ruminants INRA 2018 (MJ) 4.7 7 MJ/kg -
NE meat production ruminants INRA 2018 (MJ) 4.5 6.6 MJ/kg -
OM digestibility ruminants INRA 2018 - 76.6 %
Energy digestibility ruminants INRA 2018 - 76.7 %
N degradability ruminants INRA 2018 - 93 %
Starch degradability ruminants INRA 2018 - 0 %
DM degradability ruminants INRA 2018 - 89 %
Lysine ruminants INRA 2018 - 6.7 % PDI
Threonine ruminants INRA 2018 - 4.7 % PDI
Methionine ruminants INRA 2018 - 2.1 % PDI
Isoleucine ruminants INRA 2018 - 4.6 % PDI
Valine ruminants INRA 2018 - 5 % PDI
Leucine ruminants INRA 2018 - 7.1 % PDI
Phenylalanine ruminants INRA 2018 - 4.3 % PDI
Histidine ruminants INRA 2018 - 1.7 % PDI
Arginine ruminants INRA 2018 - 4.3 % PDI
UFL FL1 INRA 2018 0.66 0.97 per kg -
UFV FL1 INRA 2018 0.63 0.92 per kg -
PDIA FL1 INRA 2018 7 10 g/kg -
PDI FL1 INRA 2018 46 67 g/kg -
Rumen protein balance FL1 INRA 2018 330 484 g/kg -
UFL FL4 INRA 2018 0.61 0.9 per kg -
UFV FL4 INRA 2018 0.57 0.84 per kg -
PDIA FL4 INRA 2018 18 26 g/kg -
PDI FL4 INRA 2018 56 82 g/kg -
Rumen protein balance FL4 INRA 2018 304 446 g/kg -
UFL INRA 2007 0.62 0.91 per kg - 1 1
UFV INRA 2007 0.58 0.85 per kg - 1 1
PDIA INRA 2007 0 0 g/kg -
PDIN INRA 2007 240 353 g/kg -
PDIE INRA 2007 44 64 g/kg -
ME ruminants INRA 2007 (kcal) 1750 2560 kcal/kg -
ME ruminants INRA 2007 (MJ) 7.3 10.7 MJ/kg -
OM digestibility ruminants INRA 2007 - 78 % 1
Energy digestibility ruminants INRA 2007 - 77.5 % 1
N digestibility ruminants - 78.3 % 1
N digestibility, intestinal, ruminants - 100 %
NDF digestibility ruminants - 0 %
N degradability ruminants (k=0.06) - 100 %
Immediately degradable N (a) - 100 %
Potentially degradable N (b) - 0 %
Degradation rate of particles N (c) - 0.05 h-1
Starch degradability, ruminants (k=0.06) - 0 %
DM degradability ruminants (k=0.06) - 95 %
Fatty acids digestibility ruminants - 54.3 %
Absorbable P ruminants 0.8 1.1 g/kg 73 % P
Absorbable Ca ruminants 0.9 1.4 g/kg 55 % Ca
Lysine ruminants INRA 2007 - 7.7 % PDIE
Threonine ruminants INRA 2007 - 5.4 % PDIE
Methionine ruminants INRA 2007 - 2.1 % PDIE
Isoleucine ruminants INRA 2007 - 5.6 % PDIE
Valine ruminants INRA 2007 - 5.9 % PDIE
Leucine ruminants INRA 2007 - 8.1 % PDIE
Phenylalanine ruminants INRA 2007 - 5.1 % PDIE
Histidine ruminants INRA 2007 - 1.9 % PDIE
Arginine ruminants INRA 2007 - 4.6 % PDIE
VEM CVB 2018 619 908 per kg -
VEVI CVB 2018 632 928 per kg -
DVE CVB 1991 33 48 g/kg -
OEB CVB 1991 347 509 g/kg -
DVLYS CVB 1991 2.8 4.1 g/kg -
DVMET CVB 1991 0.9 1.4 g/kg -
TDN 1x ruminants NRC 2001 56.5 83 % -
DE 1x ruminants NRC 2001 2.95 4.34 Mcal/kg -
NE Lactation 3x ruminants NRC 2001 1.58 2.32 Mcal/kg -
NE Lactation 4x ruminants NRC 2001 1.49 2.19 Mcal/kg -
NE Maintenance 3x ruminants NRC 2001 1.69 2.48 Mcal/kg -
NE Gain 3x ruminants NRC 2001 1.19 1.75 Mcal/kg -
Rumen Undegradable Protein (diet 25% concentrate) NRC 2001 - 0 %
Rumen Undegradable Protein (diet 50% concentrate) NRC 2001 - 0 %
EN Lactation ruminants GfE 4.4 6.4 MJ/kg -
nxP ruminants GfE 87 128 g/kg -
RNB ruminants GfE 53 78 g/kg -
Pigs
Parameter As fed On DM Unit Other Unit SD Range Count SD Range Count SD Range Count
DE growing pig (kcal) 2320 3400 kcal/kg -
ME growing pig (kcal) 2100 3090 kcal/kg -
NE growing pig (kcal) 1250 1840 kcal/kg -
DE adult pig (kcal) 2320 3400 kcal/kg -
ME adult pig (kcal) 2100 3080 kcal/kg -
NE adult pig (kcal) 1250 1840 kcal/kg -
DE growing pig (MJ) 9.7 14.2 MJ/kg -
ME growing pig (MJ) 8.8 12.9 MJ/kg -
NE growing pig (MJ) 5.2 7.7 MJ/kg -
DE adult pig (MJ) 9.7 14.2 MJ/kg -
ME adult pig (MJ) 8.8 12.9 MJ/kg -
NE adult pig (MJ) 5.2 7.7 MJ/kg -
Energy digestibility growing pig - 75 %
Energy digestibility adult pig - 75 %
OM digestibility growing pig - 75 %
OM digestibility adult pig - 75 %
N digestibility growing pig - 75 %
N digestibility adult pig - 75 %
Crude fat digestibility pig - 75 %
Digestible P pig (no phytase) 0.7 1 g/kg 65 %
Digestible P pig (with phytase) 1 1.5 g/kg 98 %
Poultry
Parameter As fed On DM Unit Other Unit SD Range Count SD Range Count SD Range Count
AMEn cockerel (kcal) 1710 2500 kcal/kg -
AMEn broiler (kcal) 1710 2500 kcal/kg -
AMEn cockerel (MJ) 7.1 10.5 MJ/kg -
AMEn broiler (MJ) 7.1 10.5 MJ/kg -
Available P cockerel 0.3 0.4 g/kg 25 % P
Available P broiler 0.3 0.4 g/kg 25 % P
Horses
Parameter As fed On DM Unit Other Unit SD Range Count SD Range Count SD Range Count
OM digestibility horse - 75.2 %
Energy digestibility horse - 72.4 %
Horse Forage Unit 0.43 0.63 per kg -
Rabbits
Parameter As fed On DM Unit Other Unit SD Range Count SD Range Count SD Range Count
DE rabbit (kcal) 2990 4380 kcal/kg -
ME rabbit (kcal) 2630 3860 kcal/kg -
DE rabbit (MJ) 12.5 18.3 MJ/kg -
ME rabbit (MJ) 11 16.2 MJ/kg -
Energy digestibility rabbit - 96.7 %
N digestibility rabbit - 71.3 %
Fish
Parameter As fed On DM Unit Other Unit SD Range Count SD Range Count SD Range Count
DE salmonids (kcal) 2400 3530 kcal/kg -
DE salmonids (MJ) 10.1 14.8 MJ/kg -
Energy digestibility, salmonids - 77.8 %
N digestibility salmonids - 87.8 %
Amino acids
Parameter As fed On DM Unit Other Unit SD Range Count SD Range Count SD Range Count
Lysine 3.5 5.2 g/kg 0.9 g/16g N 1 1 1
Threonine 1.7 2.5 g/kg 0.4 g/16g N 1 1 1
Methionine 2.7 3.9 g/kg 0.6 g/16g N 1 1
Cystine 0.8 1.2 g/kg 0.2 g/16g N 1 1
Methionine + cystine 3.5 5.1 g/kg 0.8 g/16g N 1 1
Tryptophan 1.7 2.5 g/kg 0.4 g/16g N
Isoleucine 2.3 3.4 g/kg 0.6 g/16g N 1 1 1
Valine 2.1 3.1 g/kg 0.5 g/16g N 1 1 1
Leucine 2.7 3.9 g/kg 0.6 g/16g N 1 1 1
Phenylalanine 0.8 1.2 g/kg 0.2 g/16g N 1 1 1
Tyrosine 2.5 3.6 g/kg 0.6 g/16g N 1 1 1
Phenylalanine + tyrosine 3.3 4.8 g/kg 0.8 g/16g N 1 1 1
Histidine 1.5 2.1 g/kg 0.4 g/16g N 1 1 1
Arginine 1.9 2.8 g/kg 0.5 g/16g N 1 1 1
Alanine 3.5 5.2 g/kg 0.9 g/16g N 1 1 1
Aspartic acid 6.7 9.8 g/kg 1.6 g/16g N 1 1
Glutamic acid 125 183 g/kg 29.9 g/16g N 1 1 1
Glycine 3.8 5.6 g/kg 0.9 g/16g N 1 1 1
Serine 3.1 4.6 g/kg 0.8 g/16g N 1 1 1
Proline 1.3 1.8 g/kg 0.3 g/16g N 1 1
Pigs, amino acids
Parameter As fed On DM Unit Other Unit SD Range Count SD Range Count SD Range Count
Lysine, ileal standardised, pig 3.2 4.7 g/kg 91 %
Threonine, ileal standardised, pig 1.5 2.2 g/kg 88 %
Methionine, ileal standardised, pig 2.4 3.6 g/kg 91 %
Cystine, ileal standardised, pig 0.7 1 g/kg 90 %
Methionine + cystine, ileal standardised, pig 3.1 4.6 g/kg 91 %
Tryptophan, ileal standardised, pig 1.5 2.2 g/kg 89 %
Isoleucine, ileal standardised, pig 2.1 3 g/kg 89 %
Valine, ileal standardised, pig 1.9 2.8 g/kg 89 %
Leucine, ileal standardised, pig 2.4 3.6 g/kg 91 %
Phenylalanine, ileal standardised, pig 0.7 1.1 g/kg 91 %
Tyrosine, ileal standardised, pig 2.2 3.3 g/kg 91 %
Phenylananine + tyrosine, ileal standardised, pig 3 4.3 g/kg 91 %
Histidine, ileal standardised, pig 1.3 2 g/kg 92 %
Arginine, ileal standardised, pig 1.8 2.6 g/kg 93 %
Alanine, ileal standardised, pig 3.2 4.6 g/kg 89 %
Aspartic acid, ileal standardised, pig 5.9 8.7 g/kg 88 %
Glutamic acid, ileal standardised, pig 115 169 g/kg 92 %
Glycine, ileal standardised, pig 3.5 5.1 g/kg 92 %
Serine, ileal standardised, pig 2.8 4.1 g/kg 90 %
Proline, ileal standardised, pig 1.1 1.7 g/kg 91 %
Poultry, amino acids
Parameter As fed On DM Unit Other Unit SD Range Count SD Range Count SD Range Count
Lysine, ileal standardized, poultry 3.1 4.5 g/kg 87 %
Threonine, ileal standardized, poultry 1.4 2 g/kg 83 %
Methionine, ileal standardized, poultry 2.4 3.5 g/kg 89 %
Cystine, ileal standardized, poultry 0.6 0.9 g/kg 78 %
Methionine + cystine, ileal standardized, poultry 3 4.4 g/kg 87 %
Tryptophan, ileal standardized, poultry 1.4 2.1 g/kg 86 %
Isoleucine, ileal standardized, poultry 2 3 g/kg 86 %
Valine, ileal standardized, poultry 1.8 2.7 g/kg 86 %
Leucine, ileal standardized, poultry 2.4 3.5 g/kg 88 %
Phenylalanine, ileal standardized, poultry 0.7 1 g/kg 88 %
Tyrosine, ileal standardized, poultry 2.2 3.2 g/kg 88 %
Phenylalanine + tyrosine, ileal standardized, poultry 2.9 4.2 g/kg 88 %
Histidine, ileal standardized, poultry 1.3 1.8 g/kg 86 %
Arginine, ileal standardized, poultry 1.7 2.5 g/kg 89 %
Alanine, ileal standardized, poultry 3.1 4.5 g/kg 86 %
Aspartic acid, ileal standardized, poultry 5.5 8 g/kg 82 %
Glutamic acid, ileal standardized, poultry 112 165 g/kg 90 %
Glycine, ileal standardized, poultry 3.2 4.7 g/kg 84 %
Serine, ileal standardized, poultry 2.6 3.9 g/kg 85 %
Proline, ileal standardized, poultry 1.1 1.6 g/kg 86 %
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