Olive oil cake, with pits, oil > 5%

Byproduct of oil manufacture obtained by extraction of olive fruits (Olea europaea L.). This product contains pits. It has a high content in residual oil and results from mechanical pressure only.

Values

Main constituents
Parameter As fed On DM Unit Other Unit SD Range Count SD Range Count SD Range Count
Dry matter 88 100 % - 5.9 67.4 -95 26 9.5
Crude protein 7.8 8.9 % - 2.3 3.3 -13.4 27 2.5 4 -14.9 31
Crude fibre 33 37.5 % - 6.9 21.8 -44.3 23 7.4 24.2 -52.2 25
Crude fat 9.7 11 % - 3 5 -16.9 15 3.4 5.4 -17.8 16
Ash 6 6.8 % - 3.4 1.9 -15.7 22 3.8 2.2 -16.9 23
Insoluble ash 0.2 0.3 % - 1 1
NDF 59.9 68 % - 8.1 44.1 -72.8 12 8 49.7 -78.3 14
ADF 46.5 52.8 % - 7.8 32.4 -59.7 12 8.1 34.8 -64.2 14
Lignin 23.5 26.7 % - 3.4 19.7 -29.2 11 3.4 20.5 -32.4 11
Water insoluble cell walls 59.1 67.2 % -
Starch 0 0 % -
Starch, enzymatic method 0 0 % -
Total sugars 3.8 4.3 % -
Gross energy (kcal) 4300 4890 kcal/kg - 1 1
Gross energy (MJ) 18 20.5 MJ/kg - 1 1
Mineral elements
Parameter As fed On DM Unit Other Unit SD Range Count SD Range Count SD Range Count
Calcium 6.7 7.6 g/kg - 3.2 3.2 -12.7 9 3.6 3.5 -14.9 8
Phosphorus 0.9 1.1 g/kg - 0.4 0.5 -1.9 9 0.5 0.5 -2.1 8
Phytate phosphorus 0.6 0.6 g/kg 60 % P
Magnesium 0.3 0.4 g/kg - 0.4 -0.4 2
Potassium 7.4 8.4 g/kg - 4.7 -10.7 3 5.1 -11.7 3
Sodium 1.79 2.04 g/kg -
Chlorine 3.5 4 g/kg -
Electrolyte balance 169 191 mEq/kg -
Manganese 29 33 mg/kg -
Zinc 22 25 mg/kg -
Copper 23 26 mg/kg -
Cobalt 0.3 0.4 mg/kg -
Fatty acids
Parameter As fed On DM Unit Other Unit SD Range Count SD Range Count SD Range Count
C6 + C8 + C10 fatty acids 0 0 g/kg 0 % FA
C12:0 lauric acid 0 0 g/kg 0 % FA 0-0 2
C14:0 myristic acid 0 0 g/kg 0 % FA 0-0 2
C16:0 palmitic acid 8.1 9.2 g/kg 10.5 % FA 7.9-16.5 4
C16:1 palmitoleic acid 0.8 0.9 g/kg 1.1 % FA 0.3-1.8 2
C18:0 stearic acid 2.2 2.5 g/kg 2.9 % FA 2.2-3.5 4
C18:1 oleic acid 56.9 64.6 g/kg 73.6 % FA 66.4-79.6 4
C18:2 linoleic acid 8.9 10.1 g/kg 11.5 % FA 6.1-16.4 4
C18:3 linolenic acid 0.7 0.8 g/kg 1 % FA 0.7-1.6 4
C18:4 stearidonic acid 0 0 g/kg 0 % FA
C20:0 arachidic acid 0.4 0.4 g/kg 0.5 % FA 0.4-0.5 4
C20:1 eicosenoic acid 0.3 0.3 g/kg 0.4 % FA 0.3-0.4 2
C20:4 arachidonic acid 0 0 g/kg 0 % FA 1
C20:5 eicosapentaenoic acid 0 0 g/kg 0 % FA
C22:0 behenic acid 0.1 0.1 g/kg 0.1 % FA 0.1-0.2 2
C22:1 erucic acid 0 0 g/kg 0 % FA 1
C22:5 docosapentaenoic acid 0 0 g/kg 0 % FA
C22:6 docosahexaenoic acid 0 0 g/kg 0 % FA
C24:0 lignoceric acid 0 0 g/kg 0 % FA 1
Fatty acids 7.7 8.8 % 80 % fat
Vitamins and pigments
Parameter As fed On DM Unit Other Unit SD Range Count SD Range Count SD Range Count
Vitamin D 0 0 1000 IU/kg -
Ruminants
Parameter As fed On DM Unit Other Unit SD Range Count SD Range Count SD Range Count
UFL INRA 2018 0.27 0.3 per kg -
UFV INRA 2018 0.16 0.18 per kg -
PDIA INRA 2018 19 21 g/kg -
PDI INRA 2018 48 54 g/kg -
Rumen protein balance INRA 2018 -26 -30 g/kg -
Fill Unit ruminants INRA 2018 0.494 0.562 per kg -
ME ruminants INRA 2018 (kcal) 860 980 kcal/kg -
NE lactation ruminants INRA 2018 (kcal) 470 530 kcal/kg -
NE meat production ruminants INRA 2018 (kcal) 270 310 kcal/kg -
ME ruminants INRA 2018 (MJ) 3.7 4.2 MJ/kg -
NE lactation ruminants INRA 2018 (MJ) 2 2.3 MJ/kg -
NE meat production ruminants INRA 2018 (MJ) 1.2 1.3 MJ/kg -
OM digestibility ruminants INRA 2018 - 27.3 %
Energy digestibility ruminants INRA 2018 - 25.8 %
N degradability ruminants INRA 2018 - 41 %
Starch degradability ruminants INRA 2018 - 82 %
DM degradability ruminants INRA 2018 - 29 %
Lysine ruminants INRA 2018 - 5.4 % PDI
Threonine ruminants INRA 2018 - 5.7 % PDI
Methionine ruminants INRA 2018 - 1.9 % PDI
Isoleucine ruminants INRA 2018 - 5.8 % PDI
Valine ruminants INRA 2018 - 6.1 % PDI
Leucine ruminants INRA 2018 - 9.3 % PDI
Phenylalanine ruminants INRA 2018 - 5.4 % PDI
Histidine ruminants INRA 2018 - 1.9 % PDI
Arginine ruminants INRA 2018 - 5.2 % PDI
UFL FL1 INRA 2018 0.29 0.33 per kg -
UFV FL1 INRA 2018 0.18 0.2 per kg -
PDIA FL1 INRA 2018 18 20 g/kg -
PDI FL1 INRA 2018 48 54 g/kg -
Rumen protein balance FL1 INRA 2018 -25 -29 g/kg -
UFL FL4 INRA 2018 0.22 0.25 per kg -
UFV FL4 INRA 2018 0.12 0.13 per kg -
PDIA FL4 INRA 2018 20 23 g/kg -
PDI FL4 INRA 2018 49 55 g/kg -
Rumen protein balance FL4 INRA 2018 -29 -33 g/kg -
UFL INRA 2007 0.29 0.33 per kg -
UFV INRA 2007 0.18 0.2 per kg -
PDIA INRA 2007 21 24 g/kg -
PDIN INRA 2007 36 41 g/kg -
PDIE INRA 2007 29 33 g/kg -
ME ruminants INRA 2007 (kcal) 940 1070 kcal/kg -
ME ruminants INRA 2007 (MJ) 3.9 4.5 MJ/kg -
OM digestibility ruminants INRA 2007 - 28.7 % 18.5-39.6 4
Energy digestibility ruminants INRA 2007 - 27.2 %
N digestibility ruminants - 26.8 %
N digestibility, intestinal, ruminants - 40 %
NDF digestibility ruminants - 50 %
N degradability ruminants (k=0.06) - 40 % 27-66 4
Immediately degradable N (a) - 14 % 14-31 3
Potentially degradable N (b) - 45 % 45-51 3
Degradation rate of particles N (c) - 0.08 h-1 0.061-0.143 3
Starch degradability, ruminants (k=0.06) - 80 %
DM degradability ruminants (k=0.06) - 30 % 17-32 2
Fatty acids digestibility ruminants - 76.9 %
Absorbable P ruminants 0.6 0.7 g/kg 68 % P
Absorbable Ca ruminants 3.7 4.2 g/kg 55 % Ca
Lysine ruminants INRA 2007 - 4 % PDIE
Threonine ruminants INRA 2007 - 5.7 % PDIE
Methionine ruminants INRA 2007 - 1.6 % PDIE
Isoleucine ruminants INRA 2007 - 5.8 % PDIE
Valine ruminants INRA 2007 - 6.3 % PDIE
Leucine ruminants INRA 2007 - 9.9 % PDIE
Phenylalanine ruminants INRA 2007 - 5.6 % PDIE
Histidine ruminants INRA 2007 - 1.9 % PDIE
Arginine ruminants INRA 2007 - 5.4 % PDIE
VEM CVB 2018 287 326 per kg -
VEVI CVB 2018 192 219 per kg -
DVE CVB 1991 -17 -19 g/kg -
OEB CVB 1991 13 15 g/kg -
DVLYS CVB 1991 -1.5 -1.7 g/kg -
DVMET CVB 1991 0.3 0.4 g/kg -
TDN 1x ruminants NRC 2001 37.6 42.8 % -
DE 1x ruminants NRC 2001 1.65 1.87 Mcal/kg -
NE Lactation 3x ruminants NRC 2001 0.68 0.77 Mcal/kg -
NE Lactation 4x ruminants NRC 2001 0.63 0.71 Mcal/kg -
NE Maintenance 3x ruminants NRC 2001 0.61 0.7 Mcal/kg -
NE Gain 3x ruminants NRC 2001 0.15 0.17 Mcal/kg -
Rumen Undegradable Protein (diet 25% concentrate) NRC 2001 - 58 %
Rumen Undegradable Protein (diet 50% concentrate) NRC 2001 - 62 %
EN Lactation ruminants GfE 2 2.3 MJ/kg -
nxP ruminants GfE 79 90 g/kg -
RNB ruminants GfE -0.2 -0.2 g/kg -
Pigs
Parameter As fed On DM Unit Other Unit SD Range Count SD Range Count SD Range Count
DE growing pig (kcal) 1790 2040 kcal/kg -
ME growing pig (kcal) 1700 1930 kcal/kg -
NE growing pig (kcal) 1110 1260 kcal/kg -
DE adult pig (kcal) 2110 2390 kcal/kg -
ME adult pig (kcal) 1940 2200 kcal/kg -
NE adult pig (kcal) 1260 1430 kcal/kg -
DE growing pig (MJ) 7.5 8.5 MJ/kg -
ME growing pig (MJ) 7.1 8.1 MJ/kg -
NE growing pig (MJ) 4.6 5.3 MJ/kg -
DE adult pig (MJ) 8.8 10 MJ/kg -
ME adult pig (MJ) 8.1 9.2 MJ/kg -
NE adult pig (MJ) 5.3 6 MJ/kg -
Energy digestibility growing pig - 41.6 %
Energy digestibility adult pig - 49 %
OM digestibility growing pig - 46.5 %
OM digestibility adult pig - 54.1 %
N digestibility growing pig - 27.8 %
N digestibility adult pig - 51.9 %
Crude fat digestibility pig - 63.2 %
Digestible P pig (no phytase) 0.3 0.3 g/kg 30 %
Digestible P pig (with phytase) 0.4 0.5 g/kg 45 %
Poultry
Parameter As fed On DM Unit Other Unit SD Range Count SD Range Count SD Range Count
AMEn cockerel (kcal) 1100 1250 kcal/kg -
AMEn broiler (kcal) 1000 1130 kcal/kg -
AMEn cockerel (MJ) 4.6 5.2 MJ/kg -
AMEn broiler (MJ) 4.2 4.7 MJ/kg -
Available P cockerel 0.2 0.3 g/kg 25 % P
Available P broiler 0.2 0.3 g/kg 25 % P
Horses
Parameter As fed On DM Unit Other Unit SD Range Count SD Range Count SD Range Count
OM digestibility horse - 57.3 %
Energy digestibility horse - 55.4 %
Horse Forage Unit 0.71 0.81 per kg -
Digestible crude protein horse 24 28 g/kg -
Rabbits
Parameter As fed On DM Unit Other Unit SD Range Count SD Range Count SD Range Count
DE rabbit (kcal) 1410 1610 kcal/kg - 1
ME rabbit (kcal) 1380 1570 kcal/kg -
DE rabbit (MJ) 5.9 6.7 MJ/kg - 1
ME rabbit (MJ) 5.8 6.6 MJ/kg -
Energy digestibility rabbit - 32.8 %
N digestibility rabbit - 29.5 % 1
Fish
Parameter As fed On DM Unit Other Unit SD Range Count SD Range Count SD Range Count
DE salmonids (kcal) 2320 2640 kcal/kg -
DE salmonids (MJ) 9.7 11 MJ/kg -
Energy digestibility, salmonids - 54 %
N digestibility salmonids - 78.2 %
Amino acids
Parameter As fed On DM Unit Other Unit SD Range Count SD Range Count SD Range Count
Lysine 0.7 0.8 g/kg 0.9 g/16g N 0.8-0.9 2
Threonine 4.9 5.5 g/kg 6.2 g/16g N 5.5-6.9 2
Methionine 1.1 1.3 g/kg 1.5 g/16g N 1.3-1.6 2
Cystine 0.9 1 g/kg 1.1 g/16g N 1.1-1.1 2
Methionine + cystine 2 2.3 g/kg 2.6 g/16g N
Tryptophan 0.8 0.9 g/kg 1 g/16g N
Isoleucine 4.8 5.4 g/kg 6.1 g/16g N 6-6.2 2
Valine 5.2 6 g/kg 6.7 g/16g N 6.7-6.7 2
Leucine 8.2 9.3 g/kg 10.5 g/16g N 10.4-10.5 2
Phenylalanine 4.5 5.1 g/kg 5.8 g/16g N 5.7-5.8 2
Tyrosine 2.5 2.8 g/kg 3.2 g/16g N 3.1-3.2 2
Phenylalanine + tyrosine 7 7.9 g/kg 8.9 g/16g N
Histidine 1.3 1.5 g/kg 1.7 g/16g N 1.6-1.7 2
Arginine 5.6 6.3 g/kg 7.1 g/16g N 7.1-7.1 2
Alanine 4.5 5.1 g/kg 5.7 g/16g N 5.6-5.8 2
Aspartic acid 9.7 11 g/kg 12.4 g/16g N 12.1-12.6 2
Glutamic acid 10.2 11.6 g/kg 13.1 g/16g N 10.3-15.8 2
Glycine 4.8 5.4 g/kg 6.1 g/16g N 6.1-6.1 2
Serine 5.8 6.6 g/kg 7.4 g/16g N 7.3-7.5 2
Proline 1.4 1.6 g/kg 1.8 g/16g N 1.6-1.9 2
Pigs, amino acids
Parameter As fed On DM Unit Other Unit SD Range Count SD Range Count SD Range Count
Lysine, ileal standardised, pig 0.3 0.4 g/kg 50 %
Threonine, ileal standardised, pig 2.6 3 g/kg 54 %
Methionine, ileal standardised, pig 0.8 0.9 g/kg 70 %
Cystine, ileal standardised, pig 0.4 0.5 g/kg 46 %
Methionine + cystine, ileal standardised, pig 1.2 1.4 g/kg 60 %
Tryptophan, ileal standardised, pig 0.4 0.5 g/kg 55 %
Isoleucine, ileal standardised, pig 3.1 3.5 g/kg 65 %
Valine, ileal standardised, pig 3.2 3.6 g/kg 61 %
Leucine, ileal standardised, pig 5.4 6.2 g/kg 67 %
Phenylalanine, ileal standardised, pig 3.1 3.6 g/kg 70 %
Tyrosine, ileal standardised, pig 1.6 1.8 g/kg 65 %
Phenylananine + tyrosine, ileal standardised, pig 4.8 5.4 g/kg 68 %
Histidine, ileal standardised, pig 0.8 0.9 g/kg 63 %
Arginine, ileal standardised, pig 4.3 4.9 g/kg 77 %
Alanine, ileal standardised, pig 2.5 2.9 g/kg 57 %
Aspartic acid, ileal standardised, pig 6 6.9 g/kg 62 %
Glutamic acid, ileal standardised, pig 7.4 8.4 g/kg 73 %
Glycine, ileal standardised, pig 2.1 2.4 g/kg 43 %
Serine, ileal standardised, pig 3.4 3.9 g/kg 59 %
Proline, ileal standardised, pig 0.8 0.9 g/kg 60 %
Poultry, amino acids
Parameter As fed On DM Unit Other Unit SD Range Count SD Range Count SD Range Count
Lysine, ileal standardized, poultry 0.4 0.5 g/kg 62 %
Threonine, ileal standardized, poultry 2.8 3.2 g/kg 58 %
Methionine, ileal standardized, poultry 0.8 0.9 g/kg 71 %
Cystine, ileal standardized, poultry 0.5 0.6 g/kg 60 %
Methionine + cystine, ileal standardized, poultry 1.3 1.5 g/kg 67 %
Tryptophan, ileal standardized, poultry 0.5 0.6 g/kg 63 %
Isoleucine, ileal standardized, poultry 3.2 3.7 g/kg 68 %
Valine, ileal standardized, poultry 3.4 3.9 g/kg 65 %
Leucine, ileal standardized, poultry 5.3 6.1 g/kg 65 %
Phenylalanine, ileal standardized, poultry 3.1 3.5 g/kg 68 %
Tyrosine, ileal standardized, poultry 1.5 1.7 g/kg 60 %
Phenylalanine + tyrosine, ileal standardized, poultry 4.5 5.2 g/kg 65 %
Histidine, ileal standardized, poultry 0.8 0.9 g/kg 63 %
Arginine, ileal standardized, poultry 3.8 4.3 g/kg 68 %
Alanine, ileal standardized, poultry 2.9 3.3 g/kg 64 %
Aspartic acid, ileal standardized, poultry 6 6.8 g/kg 62 %
Glutamic acid, ileal standardized, poultry 7 8 g/kg 69 %
Glycine, ileal standardized, poultry 2.8 3.2 g/kg 59 %
Serine, ileal standardized, poultry 3.7 4.2 g/kg 64 %
Proline, ileal standardized, poultry 0.9 1 g/kg 66 %
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