Dry matter
93
100
%
-
2
90.8 -96.1
11
3.1
Crude protein
12.5
13.5
%
-
3.2
5.7 -16.2
11
3.4
5.9 -17.7
19
Crude fibre
9.6
10.3
%
-
2.9
5.7 -14.8
11
3.1
6.3 -17.3
14
Crude fat
10.8
11.6
%
-
2.7
6.3 -15.7
11
2.9
6.6 -16.6
19
Ash
5.4
5.9
%
-
0.7
4.2 -6.4
11
0.7
4.6 -6.7
19
Insoluble ash
0.8
0.9
%
-
0.4
0.2 -1.1
3
0.4
0.2 -1.3
5
NDF
36.4
39.2
%
-
5.9
34 -45.6
5
ADF
30.3
32.6
%
-
4.7
27.3 -35.8
4
5
28.7 -39.1
5
Lignin
17.1
18.4
%
-
1
1
Starch
0
0
%
-
Total sugars
0
0
%
-
Gross energy (kcal)
4450
4780
kcal/kg
-
180
Calcium
2.3
2.5
g/kg
-
0.8
1.5 -3.8
5
0.9
1.6 -4.1
12
Phosphorus
1.9
2
g/kg
-
0.5
1.4 -2.8
5
0.5
1.4 -3.1
12
Magnesium
1.5
1.6
g/kg
-
0.1
1.4 -1.6
4
0.1
1.4 -1.7
7
Potassium
13.4
14.4
g/kg
-
8.5
0.4 -19.5
4
9.1
0.4 -20.8
6
Sodium
1.16
1.25
g/kg
-
0.48 -1.96
2
0.5 -2.14
3
Manganese
164
176
mg/kg
-
1
25 -328
2
Zinc
256
276
mg/kg
-
1
27 -525
2
Copper
176
189
mg/kg
-
1
6 -372
2
Iron
427
459
mg/kg
-
1
1
Selenium
0.2
0.2
mg/kg
-
1
Cobalt
1
1
mg/kg
-
1
Lysine
4.9
5.3
g/kg
3.9
g/16g N
1
1.1
2.7 -6
6
0.3
3.4-4.2
6
Threonine
4.8
5.1
g/kg
3.8
g/16g N
1
1.4
2.3 -5.9
6
0.6
2.8-4.3
6
Methionine
2.6
2.8
g/kg
2.1
g/16g N
1
0.7
1.4 -3.2
6
0.2
1.6-2.3
6
Cystine
2
2.2
g/kg
1.6
g/16g N
1
0.6
0.9 -2.5
6
0.1
1.3-1.7
6
Methionine + cystine
4.6
5
g/kg
3.7
g/16g N
1
1.2
2.3 -5.7
6
0.3
3.2-4
6
Tryptophan
1.8
1.9
g/kg
1.4
g/16g N
1.8 -2
4
1.4-1.5
4
Isoleucine
5.6
6
g/kg
4.5
g/16g N
0.4
0.4
5.6 -6.7
5
0.3
3.9-4.7
5
Valine
7
7.5
g/kg
5.6
g/16g N
0.4
0.4
7.1 -8.2
5
0.4
4.9-5.8
5
Leucine
9.4
10.2
g/kg
7.5
g/16g N
0.8
0.8
9 -11.3
5
0.7
6.3-8
5
Phenylalanine
4.6
4.9
g/kg
3.6
g/16g N
0.3
0.3
4.5 -5.4
5
0.3
3.1-3.9
5
Tyrosine
3.9
4.2
g/kg
3.1
g/16g N
1
1
Phenylalanine + tyrosine
8.5
9.1
g/kg
6.8
g/16g N
1
1
Histidine
3.4
3.7
g/kg
2.7
g/16g N
0.2
0.3
3.4 -4.1
5
0.2
2.4-2.9
5
Arginine
10.5
11.3
g/kg
8.4
g/16g N
1
1.1
9.9 -12.8
5
0.9
6.9-9
5
Alanine
5.3
5.7
g/kg
4.3
g/16g N
1
1
Aspartic acid
10.5
11.3
g/kg
8.4
g/16g N
1
1
Glutamic acid
16.7
18
g/kg
13.4
g/16g N
1
1
Glycine
5.9
6.4
g/kg
4.8
g/16g N
0.6
0.7
5.4 -7.2
5
0.6
3.7-5.1
5
Serine
4
4.3
g/kg
3.2
g/16g N
1
1
Proline
5
5.3
g/kg
4
g/16g N
1
1
C16:0 palmitic acid
3.7
4
g/kg
4.3
% FA
0.7
2.7-8.4
599
C18:0 stearic acid
33
35.5
g/kg
38.1
% FA
5.9
24-49.3
599
C18:1 oleic acid
42.1
45.3
g/kg
48.6
% FA
5.5
38.8-62.3
599
C18:2 linoleic acid
6.2
6.6
g/kg
7.1
% FA
1
3.2-13
599
C18:3 linolenic acid
0.3
0.3
g/kg
0.3
% FA
0.1
0.06-0.7
509
Fatty acids
8.7
9.3
%
80
% fat
DE growing pig (kcal)
2850
3070
kcal/kg
-
ME growing pig (kcal)
2690
2890
kcal/kg
-
NE growing pig (kcal)
1850
1990
kcal/kg
-
DE adult pig (kcal)
3090
3320
kcal/kg
-
ME adult pig (kcal)
2840
3050
kcal/kg
-
NE adult pig (kcal)
2010
2160
kcal/kg
-
Energy digestibility growing pig
-
64.2
%
OM digestibility growing pig
-
67.6
%
N digestibility growing pig
-
69.9
%
Crude fat digestibility pig
-
69.3
%
Energy digestibility adult pig
-
69.5
%
OM digestibility adult pig
-
73
%
N digestibility adult pig
-
81.3
%
PDIA INRA 2007
24
26
g/kg
-
PDIN INRA 2007
75
80
g/kg
-
PDIE INRA 2007
71
76
g/kg
-
ME ruminants INRA 2007 (kcal)
2630
2830
kcal/kg
-
Energy digestibility ruminants INRA 2007
-
71.8
%
OM digestibility ruminants INRA 2007
-
73.2
%
N digestibility ruminants
-
69.3
%
N digestibility, intestinal, ruminants
-
65
%
Fatty acids digestibility ruminants
-
77
%
N degradability ruminants (k=0.06)
-
73
%
Starch degradability, ruminants (k=0.06)
-
80
%
DM degradability ruminants (k=0.06)
-
55
%
Lysine ruminants INRA 2007
-
6.8
% PDIE
Threonine ruminants INRA 2007
-
5.1
% PDIE
Methionine ruminants INRA 2007
-
2
% PDIE
Isoleucine ruminants INRA 2007
-
5.5
% PDIE
Valine ruminants INRA 2007
-
6
% PDIE
Leucine ruminants INRA 2007
-
8.5
% PDIE
Phenylalanine ruminants INRA 2007
-
4.8
% PDIE
Histidine ruminants INRA 2007
-
2.2
% PDIE
Arginine ruminants INRA 2007
-
5.4
% PDIE
OM digestibility horse
-
66.4
%
Energy digestibility horse
-
64.1
%
Horse Forage Unit
0.67
0.72
per kg
-
Digestible crude protein horse
67
73
g/kg
-
DE rabbit (kcal)
2540
2730
kcal/kg
-
ME rabbit (kcal)
2480
2660
kcal/kg
-
Energy digestibility rabbit
-
57.2
%
N digestibility rabbit
-
37.5
%
Gross energy (MJ)
18.6
20
MJ/kg
-
0.8
Absorbable Ca ruminants
1.3
1.4
g/kg
55
% Ca
UFL FL1 INRA 2018
1
1.07
per kg
-
UFV FL1 INRA 2018
0.97
1.04
per kg
-
PDIA FL1 INRA 2018
20
22
g/kg
-
PDI FL1 INRA 2018
71
76
g/kg
-
Rumen protein balance FL1 INRA 2018
2
2
g/kg
-
UFL INRA 2018
0.97
1.05
per kg
-
UFV INRA 2018
0.94
1.01
per kg
-
PDIA INRA 2018
23
25
g/kg
-
PDI INRA 2018
72
78
g/kg
-
Rumen protein balance INRA 2018
-0.6
-0.7
g/kg
-
NE lactation ruminants INRA 2018 (kcal)
1710
1840
kcal/kg
-
NE meat production ruminants INRA 2018 (kcal)
1650
1770
kcal/kg
-
ME ruminants INRA 2018 (kcal)
2670
2870
kcal/kg
-
OM digestibility ruminants INRA 2018
-
71.8
%
Energy digestibility ruminants INRA 2018
-
70.5
%
N degradability ruminants INRA 2018
-
72
%
Starch degradability ruminants INRA 2018
-
82
%
Lysine ruminants INRA 2018
-
7
% PDI
Threonine ruminants INRA 2018
-
5.2
% PDI
Methionine ruminants INRA 2018
-
2.3
% PDI
Isoleucine ruminants INRA 2018
-
5.5
% PDI
Valine ruminants INRA 2018
-
5.9
% PDI
Leucine ruminants INRA 2018
-
8.6
% PDI
Phenylalanine ruminants INRA 2018
-
4.9
% PDI
Histidine ruminants INRA 2018
-
2.3
% PDI
Arginine ruminants INRA 2018
-
5.5
% PDI
ME ruminants INRA 2018 (MJ)
4.6
4.9
MJ/kg
-
NE lactation ruminants INRA 2018 (MJ)
2.5
2.7
MJ/kg
-
NE meat production ruminants INRA 2018 (MJ)
1.5
1.6
MJ/kg
-
DM degradability ruminants INRA 2018
-
53
%
UFL FL4 INRA 2018
0.93
1
per kg
-
UFV FL4 INRA 2018
0.88
0.94
per kg
-
PDIA FL4 INRA 2018
28
30
g/kg
-
PDI FL4 INRA 2018
76
82
g/kg
-
Rumen protein balance FL4 INRA 2018
-7
-7
g/kg
-
Fill Unit ruminants INRA 2018
0.329
0.354
per kg
-
C14:0 myristic acid
0
0
g/kg
0
% FA
Water insoluble cell walls
35.6
38.3
%
-
Phytate phosphorus
1.1
1.2
g/kg
60
% P
C6 + C8 + C10 fatty acids
0
0
g/kg
0
% FA
C12:0 lauric acid
0
0
g/kg
0
% FA
C16:1 palmitoleic acid
0
0
g/kg
0
% FA
C18:4 stearidonic acid
0
0
g/kg
0
% FA
C20:0 arachidic acid
0
0
g/kg
0
% FA
C20:1 eicosenoic acid
0.3
0.3
g/kg
0.4
% FA
C20:4 arachidonic acid
0
0
g/kg
0
% FA
C20:5 eicosapentaenoic acid
0
0
g/kg
0
% FA
C22:0 behenic acid
0.1
0.1
g/kg
0.2
% FA
C22:1 erucic acid
0
0
g/kg
0
% FA
C22:5 docosapentaenoic acid
0
0
g/kg
0
% FA
C22:6 docosahexaenoic acid
0
0
g/kg
0
% FA
C24:0 lignoceric acid
0.1
0.1
g/kg
0.2
% FA
Digestible P pig (no phytase)
0.6
0.6
g/kg
30
%
Digestible P pig (with phytase)
0.8
0.9
g/kg
45
%
AMEn cockerel (kcal)
1810
1940
kcal/kg
-
AMEn broiler (kcal)
1660
1790
kcal/kg
-
Available P cockerel
0.5
0.5
g/kg
25
% P
Available P broiler
0.5
0.5
g/kg
25
% P
UFL INRA 2007
0.94
1.02
per kg
-
UFV INRA 2007
0.89
0.96
per kg
-
Absorbable P ruminants
1.3
1.4
g/kg
70
% P
DE salmonids (kcal)
2510
2700
kcal/kg
-
Energy digestibility, salmonids
-
56.5
%
N digestibility salmonids
-
82
%
Lysine, ileal standardised, pig
3.3
3.5
g/kg
67
%
Threonine, ileal standardised, pig
3.3
3.5
g/kg
68
%
Methionine, ileal standardised, pig
2.1
2.2
g/kg
79
%
Cystine, ileal standardised, pig
1.3
1.4
g/kg
65
%
Methionine + cystine, ileal standardised, pig
3.1
3.4
g/kg
73
%
Tryptophan, ileal standardised, pig
1.2
1.3
g/kg
69
%
Isoleucine, ileal standardised, pig
4.2
4.5
g/kg
75
%
Valine, ileal standardised, pig
5.1
5.5
g/kg
73
%
Leucine, ileal standardised, pig
7.3
7.8
g/kg
77
%
Phenylalanine, ileal standardised, pig
3.6
3.9
g/kg
79
%
Tyrosine, ileal standardised, pig
3
3.2
g/kg
76
%
Phenylananine + tyrosine, ileal standardised, pig
6.8
7.3
g/kg
78
%
Histidine, ileal standardised, pig
2.6
2.8
g/kg
75
%
Arginine, ileal standardised, pig
8.8
9.5
g/kg
84
%
Alanine, ileal standardised, pig
3.7
4
g/kg
70
%
Aspartic acid, ileal standardised, pig
7.7
8.3
g/kg
73
%
Glutamic acid, ileal standardised, pig
13.6
14.6
g/kg
81
%
Glycine, ileal standardised, pig
3.8
4.1
g/kg
64
%
Serine, ileal standardised, pig
2.9
3.1
g/kg
72
%
Proline, ileal standardised, pig
3.6
3.9
g/kg
73
%
Lysine, ileal standardized, poultry
3.6
3.8
g/kg
73
%
Threonine, ileal standardized, poultry
3.3
3.5
g/kg
69
%
Methionine, ileal standardized, poultry
2.1
2.2
g/kg
79
%
Cystine, ileal standardized, poultry
1.4
1.5
g/kg
68
%
Methionine + cystine, ileal standardized, poultry
3.2
3.4
g/kg
74
%
Tryptophan, ileal standardized, poultry
1.3
1.4
g/kg
73
%
Isoleucine, ileal standardized, poultry
4.3
4.6
g/kg
76
%
Valine, ileal standardized, poultry
5.1
5.5
g/kg
74
%
Leucine, ileal standardized, poultry
7.1
7.6
g/kg
75
%
Phenylalanine, ileal standardized, poultry
3.5
3.8
g/kg
77
%
Tyrosine, ileal standardized, poultry
2.8
3
g/kg
72
%
Phenylalanine + tyrosine, ileal standardized, poultry
6.5
7
g/kg
74
%
Histidine, ileal standardized, poultry
2.5
2.7
g/kg
73
%
Arginine, ileal standardized, poultry
8.1
8.7
g/kg
77
%
Alanine, ileal standardized, poultry
3.9
4.2
g/kg
74
%
Aspartic acid, ileal standardized, poultry
7.4
8
g/kg
71
%
Glutamic acid, ileal standardized, poultry
13
14
g/kg
78
%
Glycine, ileal standardized, poultry
4.1
4.4
g/kg
69
%
Serine, ileal standardized, poultry
2.9
3.1
g/kg
73
%
Proline, ileal standardized, poultry
3.7
4
g/kg
74
%
DE growing pig (MJ)
11.9
12.8
MJ/kg
-
ME growing pig (MJ)
11.3
12.1
MJ/kg
-
NE growing pig (MJ)
7.8
8.3
MJ/kg
-
DE adult pig (MJ)
12.9
13.9
MJ/kg
-
ME adult pig (MJ)
11.9
12.8
MJ/kg
-
NE adult pig (MJ)
8.4
9.1
MJ/kg
-
AMEn cockerel (MJ)
7.6
8.1
MJ/kg
-
AMEn broiler (MJ)
7
7.5
MJ/kg
-
ME ruminants INRA 2007 (MJ)
11
11.9
MJ/kg
-
DE rabbit (MJ)
10.6
11.4
MJ/kg
-
ME rabbit (MJ)
10.4
11.1
MJ/kg
-
DE salmonids (MJ)
10.5
11.3
MJ/kg
-
NDF digestibility ruminants
-
68
%
VEM CVB 2018
944
1015
per kg
-
VEVI CVB 2018
979
1053
per kg
-
DVE CVB 1991
52
56
g/kg
-
OEB CVB 1991
13
14
g/kg
-
DVLYS CVB 1991
3.6
3.8
g/kg
-
DVMET CVB 1991
1.4
1.6
g/kg
-
TDN 1x ruminants NRC 2001
59.9
64.4
%
-
DE 1x ruminants NRC 2001
2.66
2.86
Mcal/kg
-
NE Lactation 3x ruminants NRC 2001
1.32
1.42
Mcal/kg
-
NE Lactation 4x ruminants NRC 2001
1.24
1.34
Mcal/kg
-
NE Maintenance 3x ruminants NRC 2001
1.36
1.47
Mcal/kg
-
NE Gain 3x ruminants NRC 2001
0.82
0.88
Mcal/kg
-
EN Lactation ruminants GfE
6.7
7.2
MJ/kg
-
nxP ruminants GfE
146
157
g/kg
-
RNB ruminants GfE
-3
-4
g/kg
-
Starch, enzymatic method
0
0
%
-
Vitamin D
0
0
1000 IU/kg
-
Chlorine
1.8
1.9
g/kg
-
Electrolyte balance
344
370
mEq/kg
-