Dry matter 92.4 100 % - 3.7 85.4 -97.8 28 5.6 Crude protein 63.4 68.7 % - 5.4 55.2 -67.7 28 5.1 59.8 -78 38 Crude fibre 5.6 6 % - 1.7 4.9 -8.7 19 1.8 3.1 -9.2 27 Crude fat 1.6 1.8 % - 1.7 0.2 -3 20 1.9 0.2 -5.2 28 Ash 10.1 11 % - 1.7 8.1 -12.9 28 1.8 7.5 -14.9 38 NDF 12.6 13.7 % - 3.7 9 -18.3 25 4 9.3 -20.9 25 ADF 6.3 6.8 % - 1.7 4.8 -10.2 9 1.8 5.3 -11.5 9 Starch 8.8 9.6 % - 1.6 6.3 -11.6 16 1.7 6.8 -12 16 Total sugars 3.2 3.4 % - 2.5 0.09 -7.8 16 2.7 0.1 -8.4 16 Gross energy (kcal) 4440 4810 kcal/kg - 240 3490 -4490 27 Calcium 8.6 9.3 g/kg - 4.3 -12.4 2 4.6 -14 2 Phosphorus 19.5 21.1 g/kg - 16.1 -22.3 2 17.1 -25.2 2 Sodium 0.13 0.14 g/kg - 1 1 Lysine 21.9 23.7 g/kg 3.5 g/16g N 2 18.5 -23.8 5 2 19.7 -25.7 6 0.2 3-3.6 6 Threonine 21.3 23 g/kg 3.4 g/16g N 1.6 19.1 -21.8 5 1.5 20.3 -24.1 6 0.2 3.1-3.8 6 Methionine 10 10.8 g/kg 1.6 g/16g N 0.7 8.6 -10.2 5 0.6 9.3 -11 6 0.09 1.4-1.7 6 Cystine 7.2 7.8 g/kg 1.1 g/16g N 4.6 2.1 -11.6 5 4.9 2.2 -12.5 6 0.7 0.3-1.8 6 Methionine + cystine 17.2 18.6 g/kg 2.7 g/16g N 4.5 11.7 -21.8 5 4.8 12.4 -23.5 6 0.7 1.9-3.4 6 Tryptophan 6.9 7.4 g/kg 1.1 g/16g N 1.1-1.1 3 Isoleucine 24 26 g/kg 3.8 g/16g N 2.2 20.2 -25.7 5 2.1 21.9 -27.8 6 0.3 3.4-4 6 Valine 27.9 30.2 g/kg 4.4 g/16g N 2.2 24.1 -29.9 5 2 26.2 -31.6 6 0.3 4-4.8 6 Leucine 41.8 45.3 g/kg 6.6 g/16g N 3.8 34.9 -44.1 5 3.7 37.8 -46.7 6 0.5 5.9-7.2 6 Phenylalanine 26.7 28.9 g/kg 4.2 g/16g N 2.4 23 -28.7 5 2.3 25 -30.4 6 0.3 3.8-4.7 6 Tyrosine 22.8 24.7 g/kg 3.6 g/16g N 6.7 15.5 -30.4 5 7.2 16.8 -32.2 5 1.1 2.5-4.8 5 Phenylalanine + tyrosine 49.5 53.6 g/kg 7.8 g/16g N 8.2 38.6 -59.2 5 8.6 41.9 -62.6 5 1.4 6.5-9.4 5 Histidine 18.6 20.2 g/kg 2.9 g/16g N 1.6 16.1 -20.5 5 1.6 17.6 -21.7 5 0.2 2.7-3.3 5 Arginine 70.6 76.4 g/kg 11.1 g/16g N 5.8 63.4 -77.3 5 5.5 67.4 -83.4 6 0.6 10.4-11.8 6 Alanine 28 30.3 g/kg 4.4 g/16g N 2 25.1 -28.5 5 1.7 27 -31 6 0.3 4.2-4.9 6 Aspartic acid 69.2 75 g/kg 10.9 g/16g N 8.3 62.2 -79.9 5 8.5 62 -86.3 6 0.9 9.8-12.2 6 Glutamic acid 102 110 g/kg 16.1 g/16g N 8.5 88.6 -109 5 8.1 96.3 -118 6 0.9 14.7-16.9 6 Glycine 27.7 30 g/kg 4.4 g/16g N 2 24.9 -28.9 5 1.8 27 -31.1 6 0.2 4.2-4.6 6 Serine 25.8 27.9 g/kg 4.1 g/16g N 7.1 14.6 -30.6 5 7.6 15.5 -33.1 6 1.2 2.4-5.3 6 Proline 27.4 29.6 g/kg 4.3 g/16g N 2.3 23.2 -29.8 5 2.1 25.1 -31.5 6 0.3 3.9-4.7 6 C14:0 myristic acid 0.04 0.04 g/kg 0.3 % FA 0.3 0.1-1.2 9 C16:0 palmitic acid 1.7 1.9 g/kg 13.1 % FA 1.6 10.5-15.3 9 C16:1 palmitoleic acid 0.09 0.09 g/kg 0.7 % FA 0.2 0.3-0.9 9 C18:0 stearic acid 0.6 0.7 g/kg 4.8 % FA 2.2 2.3-7.5 9 C18:1 oleic acid 5.2 5.7 g/kg 40.1 % FA 7.6 23.1-48.8 9 C18:2 linoleic acid 5.3 5.7 g/kg 40.5 % FA 6.1 34.6-53.7 9 C18:3 linolenic acid 0.03 0.03 g/kg 0.2 % FA 0.07 0.1-0.3 9 Fatty acids 1.3 1.4 % 80 % fat DE growing pig (kcal) 3830 4140 kcal/kg - ME growing pig (kcal) 3420 3710 kcal/kg - NE growing pig (kcal) 2120 2290 kcal/kg - DE adult pig (kcal) 3920 4250 kcal/kg - ME adult pig (kcal) 3520 3810 kcal/kg - NE adult pig (kcal) 2170 2340 kcal/kg - Energy digestibility growing pig - 86.1 % OM digestibility growing pig - 85.8 % N digestibility growing pig - 100 % Crude fat digestibility pig - 27 % Energy digestibility adult pig - 88.3 % OM digestibility adult pig - 88.1 % N digestibility adult pig - 100 % Digestible P pig (no phytase) 6.3 6.8 g/kg 32 % 1 Available P broiler 4.9 5.3 g/kg 25 % P ME ruminants INRA 2007 (kcal) 2760 2990 kcal/kg - Energy digestibility ruminants INRA 2007 - 88.1 % OM digestibility ruminants INRA 2007 - 87 % N digestibility ruminants - 80.2 % Fatty acids digestibility ruminants - 64.4 % OM digestibility horse - 92 % Energy digestibility horse - 88.3 % Horse Forage Unit 0.79 0.86 per kg - Digestible crude protein horse 534 578 g/kg - DE rabbit (kcal) 4020 4350 kcal/kg - Gross energy (MJ) 18.6 20.1 MJ/kg - 1 14.6 -18.8 27 Absorbable Ca ruminants 4.7 5.1 g/kg 55 % Ca UFL FL1 INRA 2018 1.12 1.21 per kg - UFV FL1 INRA 2018 1.12 1.21 per kg - UFL INRA 2018 1.1 1.19 per kg - UFV INRA 2018 1.09 1.18 per kg - NE lactation ruminants INRA 2018 (kcal) 1930 2090 kcal/kg - NE meat production ruminants INRA 2018 (kcal) 1910 2070 kcal/kg - ME ruminants INRA 2018 (kcal) 2940 3180 kcal/kg - OM digestibility ruminants INRA 2018 - 85.6 % Energy digestibility ruminants INRA 2018 - 86.7 % ME ruminants INRA 2018 (MJ) 10.9 11.8 MJ/kg - NE lactation ruminants INRA 2018 (MJ) 7.2 7.8 MJ/kg - NE meat production ruminants INRA 2018 (MJ) 7 7.6 MJ/kg - UFL FL4 INRA 2018 1.05 1.14 per kg - UFV FL4 INRA 2018 1.03 1.12 per kg - Insoluble ash 0.8 0.9 % - Lignin 0.2 0.2 % - Water insoluble cell walls 11.8 12.8 % - Phytate phosphorus 11.7 12.7 g/kg 60 % P Magnesium 3.9 4.2 g/kg - Potassium 11 11.9 g/kg - Sulfur 2.8 3 g/kg - Manganese 400 433 mg/kg - Zinc 40 43 mg/kg - Copper 22 24 mg/kg - Iron 900 974 mg/kg - C6 + C8 + C10 fatty acids 0 0 g/kg 0 % FA C12:0 lauric acid 0 0 g/kg 0 % FA C18:4 stearidonic acid 0 0 g/kg 0 % FA C20:0 arachidic acid 0.03 0.03 g/kg 0.2 % FA 0 0.2-0.2 5 C20:1 eicosenoic acid 0.02 0.02 g/kg 0.1 % FA 0.03 0.1-0.2 9 C20:4 arachidonic acid 0 0 g/kg 0 % FA C20:5 eicosapentaenoic acid 0 0 g/kg 0 % FA C22:0 behenic acid 0 0 g/kg 0 % FA 0 0-0 5 C22:1 erucic acid 0 0 g/kg 0 % FA C22:5 docosapentaenoic acid 0 0 g/kg 0 % FA C22:6 docosahexaenoic acid 0 0 g/kg 0 % FA C24:0 lignoceric acid 0.01 0.01 g/kg 0.04 % FA 0.05 0-0.1 5 Digestible P pig (with phytase) 9.4 10.2 g/kg 48 % AMEn cockerel (kcal) 2640 2860 kcal/kg - AMEn broiler (kcal) 2590 2800 kcal/kg - Available P cockerel 4.9 5.3 g/kg 25 % P UFL INRA 2007 1 1.09 per kg - UFV INRA 2007 0.96 1.04 per kg - PDIA INRA 2007 380 412 g/kg - PDIN INRA 2007 502 543 g/kg - PDIE INRA 2007 410 444 g/kg - N digestibility, intestinal, ruminants - 90 % Absorbable P ruminants 13.7 14.8 g/kg 70 % P N degradability ruminants (k=0.06) - 40 % Starch degradability, ruminants (k=0.06) - 80 % DM degradability ruminants (k=0.06) - 40 % Lysine ruminants INRA 2007 - 5 % PDIE Threonine ruminants INRA 2007 - 4.5 % PDIE Methionine ruminants INRA 2007 - 1.6 % PDIE Isoleucine ruminants INRA 2007 - 4.8 % PDIE Valine ruminants INRA 2007 - 5.2 % PDIE Leucine ruminants INRA 2007 - 8.1 % PDIE Phenylalanine ruminants INRA 2007 - 4.7 % PDIE Histidine ruminants INRA 2007 - 2.8 % PDIE Arginine ruminants INRA 2007 - 7.7 % PDIE ME rabbit (kcal) 3510 3800 kcal/kg - Energy digestibility rabbit - 90.4 % N digestibility rabbit - 66.4 % DE salmonids (kcal) 3580 3870 kcal/kg - Energy digestibility, salmonids - 80.5 % N digestibility salmonids - 88 % Lysine, ileal standardised, pig 18.1 19.6 g/kg 83 % Threonine, ileal standardised, pig 17.2 18.6 g/kg 81 % Methionine, ileal standardised, pig 8.6 9.4 g/kg 87 % Cystine, ileal standardised, pig 5.8 6.3 g/kg 81 % Methionine + cystine, ileal standardised, pig 13.9 15 g/kg 84 % Tryptophan, ileal standardised, pig 5.6 6.1 g/kg 82 % Isoleucine, ileal standardised, pig 20.2 21.8 g/kg 84 % Valine, ileal standardised, pig 23.2 25.1 g/kg 83 % Leucine, ileal standardised, pig 36.1 39 g/kg 86 % Phenylalanine, ileal standardised, pig 23.1 25 g/kg 87 % Tyrosine, ileal standardised, pig 19.6 21.2 g/kg 86 % Phenylananine + tyrosine, ileal standardised, pig 41 44.3 g/kg 86 % Histidine, ileal standardised, pig 16 17.3 g/kg 86 % Arginine, ileal standardised, pig 63.6 68.8 g/kg 90 % Alanine, ileal standardised, pig 23.1 25 g/kg 82 % Aspartic acid, ileal standardised, pig 57.6 62.4 g/kg 83 % Glutamic acid, ileal standardised, pig 90.3 97.8 g/kg 89 % Glycine, ileal standardised, pig 22.7 24.6 g/kg 82 % Serine, ileal standardised, pig 21.7 23.4 g/kg 84 % Proline, ileal standardised, pig 23.1 25 g/kg 84 % Lysine, ileal standardized, poultry 17.9 19.4 g/kg 82 % Threonine, ileal standardized, poultry 16.6 18 g/kg 78 % Methionine, ileal standardized, poultry 8.5 9.2 g/kg 86 % Cystine, ileal standardized, poultry 5.4 5.8 g/kg 74 % Methionine + cystine, ileal standardized, poultry 13.3 14.4 g/kg 81 % Tryptophan, ileal standardized, poultry 5.6 6 g/kg 81 % Isoleucine, ileal standardized, poultry 19.8 21.4 g/kg 82 % Valine, ileal standardized, poultry 22.8 24.7 g/kg 82 % Leucine, ileal standardized, poultry 35 37.9 g/kg 84 % Phenylalanine, ileal standardized, poultry 22.5 24.3 g/kg 84 % Tyrosine, ileal standardized, poultry 18.9 20.4 g/kg 83 % Phenylalanine + tyrosine, ileal standardized, poultry 39.6 42.9 g/kg 83 % Histidine, ileal standardized, poultry 15.1 16.4 g/kg 81 % Arginine, ileal standardized, poultry 59.8 64.8 g/kg 85 % Alanine, ileal standardized, poultry 22.9 24.8 g/kg 82 % Aspartic acid, ileal standardized, poultry 54.1 58.5 g/kg 78 % Glutamic acid, ileal standardized, poultry 87.5 94.8 g/kg 86 % Glycine, ileal standardized, poultry 21.9 23.7 g/kg 79 % Serine, ileal standardized, poultry 20.7 22.4 g/kg 80 % Proline, ileal standardized, poultry 22.4 24.3 g/kg 82 % DE growing pig (MJ) 16 17.3 MJ/kg - ME growing pig (MJ) 14.3 15.5 MJ/kg - NE growing pig (MJ) 8.9 9.6 MJ/kg - DE adult pig (MJ) 16.4 17.8 MJ/kg - ME adult pig (MJ) 14.7 15.9 MJ/kg - NE adult pig (MJ) 9.1 9.8 MJ/kg - AMEn cockerel (MJ) 11 12 MJ/kg - AMEn broiler (MJ) 10.8 11.7 MJ/kg - ME ruminants INRA 2007 (MJ) 11.6 12.5 MJ/kg - DE rabbit (MJ) 16.8 18.2 MJ/kg - ME rabbit (MJ) 14.7 15.9 MJ/kg - DE salmonids (MJ) 15 16.2 MJ/kg - NDF digestibility ruminants - 68 % VEM CVB 2018 1001 1084 per kg - VEVI CVB 2018 1055 1142 per kg - DVE CVB 1991 399 431 g/kg - OEB CVB 1991 168 182 g/kg - DVLYS CVB 1991 3.6 3.9 g/kg - DVMET CVB 1991 1.5 1.6 g/kg - TDN 1x ruminants NRC 2001 77.1 83.5 % - DE 1x ruminants NRC 2001 4.1 4.44 Mcal/kg - NE Lactation 3x ruminants NRC 2001 2.2 2.39 Mcal/kg - NE Lactation 4x ruminants NRC 2001 2.09 2.26 Mcal/kg - NE Maintenance 3x ruminants NRC 2001 2.35 2.54 Mcal/kg - NE Gain 3x ruminants NRC 2001 1.66 1.8 Mcal/kg - EN Lactation ruminants GfE 7.1 7.7 MJ/kg - nxP ruminants GfE 483 522 g/kg - RNB ruminants GfE 24 26 g/kg - PDIA FL1 INRA 2018 298 323 g/kg - PDI FL1 INRA 2018 340 369 g/kg - Rumen protein balance FL1 INRA 2018 224 242 g/kg - PDIA INRA 2018 323 350 g/kg - PDI INRA 2018 363 393 g/kg - Rumen protein balance INRA 2018 200 216 g/kg - N degradability ruminants INRA 2018 - 43 % Starch degradability ruminants INRA 2018 - 82 % Lysine ruminants INRA 2018 - 4.7 % PDI Threonine ruminants INRA 2018 - 4.3 % PDI Methionine ruminants INRA 2018 - 1.7 % PDI Isoleucine ruminants INRA 2018 - 4.3 % PDI Valine ruminants INRA 2018 - 5.1 % PDI Leucine ruminants INRA 2018 - 8.2 % PDI Phenylalanine ruminants INRA 2018 - 4.9 % PDI Histidine ruminants INRA 2018 - 3.1 % PDI Arginine ruminants INRA 2018 - 8.1 % PDI DM degradability ruminants INRA 2018 - 39 % Fill Unit ruminants INRA 2018 0.442 0.479 per kg - PDIA FL4 INRA 2018 366 396 g/kg - PDI FL4 INRA 2018 403 437 g/kg - Rumen protein balance FL4 INRA 2018 156 169 g/kg - Starch, enzymatic method 1 1.1 % - Vitamin D 0 0 1000 IU/kg - Chlorine 0.2 0.2 g/kg - Dietary cation-anion difference 110 119 mEq/kg - Electrolyte balance 282 305 mEq/kg -