Dry matter
24.6
100
%
-
2.3
22 -32.8
19
13.4
Crude protein
5
20.2
%
-
0.6
4.1 -6.3
18
1.4
17.8 -23.5
18
Crude fibre
4.4
18
%
-
0.7
3.6 -8
15
2.1
16.3 -24.3
15
Crude fat
1.9
7.7
%
-
0.5
0.2 -2.2
16
1.9
0.7 -8.9
16
Ash
0.8
3.4
%
-
0.2
0.6 -2
18
0.7
2.4 -6.1
18
NDF
16
65.1
%
-
15.9 -17.5
4
61.8 -68.9
4
ADF
6.8
27.6
%
-
1
6.6 -7.9
5
2.9
24.7 -32.4
5
Lignin
1.5
5.9
%
-
1.2 -1.7
3
5.1 -6.8
3
Water insoluble cell walls
15.1
61.2
%
-
Starch
0.4
1.8
%
-
Total sugars
0.1
0.5
%
-
0.1 -0.2
2
0.4 -0.6
2
Gross energy (kcal)
1250
5100
kcal/kg
-
1250 -1300
2
Calcium
0.3
1.3
g/kg
-
0.2
0.1 -1
17
0.7
0.3 -3.8
17
Phosphorus
0.9
3.7
g/kg
-
0.4
0.4 -3.2
17
1.7
1.5 -9.8
17
Magnesium
0.3
1.2
g/kg
-
0.07
0.2 -0.5
16
0.3
0.8 -1.8
16
Potassium
0.08
0.3
g/kg
-
0.03
0.05 -0.1
15
0.1
0.2 -0.6
15
Sodium
0.03
0.13
g/kg
-
0.04
0.01 -0.18
16
0.17
0.05 -0.77
16
Manganese
10
41
mg/kg
-
10 -10
2
39 -43
2
Zinc
46
188
mg/kg
-
20 -71
2
80 -295
2
Copper
4
15
mg/kg
-
3 -5
3
11 -18
3
Lysine
1.6
6.4
g/kg
3.2
g/16g N
1.2
1.4-4.8
10
Threonine
1.8
7.3
g/kg
3.6
g/16g N
0.2
3.1-3.9
10
Methionine
0.7
2.9
g/kg
1.4
g/16g N
0.2
1-1.7
9
Cystine
0.9
3.5
g/kg
1.7
g/16g N
0.2
1.5-2
8
Methionine + cystine
1.6
6.4
g/kg
3.2
g/16g N
Tryptophan
0.7
2.7
g/kg
1.4
g/16g N
1
Isoleucine
1.9
7.7
g/kg
3.8
g/16g N
0.4
2.9-4.1
10
Valine
2.6
10.6
g/kg
5.2
g/16g N
0.7
3.8-6.5
10
Leucine
3.6
14.6
g/kg
7.2
g/16g N
0.7
6.4-8.8
10
Phenylalanine
2.4
9.6
g/kg
4.7
g/16g N
0.5
4-5.5
10
Tyrosine
1.5
6
g/kg
3
g/16g N
0.4
2.5-3.8
9
Phenylalanine + tyrosine
3.8
15.6
g/kg
7.7
g/16g N
Histidine
1.2
4.8
g/kg
2.4
g/16g N
0.5
1.1-3
10
Arginine
2.3
9.3
g/kg
4.6
g/16g N
0.9
3.3-6.3
10
Alanine
2.5
10
g/kg
5
g/16g N
0.9
3.6-6.2
10
Aspartic acid
3.1
12.5
g/kg
6.2
g/16g N
0.8
4.9-7
10
Glutamic acid
9.8
39.7
g/kg
19.6
g/16g N
3.5
15.4-24.4
10
Glycine
2
8.3
g/kg
4.1
g/16g N
0.5
3.3-4.7
10
Serine
2.1
8.5
g/kg
4.2
g/16g N
0.4
3.9-5
10
Proline
4.6
18.9
g/kg
9.3
g/16g N
0.9
8-10.7
7
C16:0 palmitic acid
3
12.2
g/kg
21.2
% FA
2
19-26.9
13
C18:0 stearic acid
0.2
0.6
g/kg
1.1
% FA
0.5
0.6-2.3
12
C18:1 oleic acid
1.9
7.7
g/kg
13.4
% FA
2.2
11.4-17.8
12
C18:2 linoleic acid
7.9
32.1
g/kg
55.9
% FA
1.2
53-57.5
12
C18:3 linolenic acid
1.2
5
g/kg
8.7
% FA
2.3
4.4-11.6
12
Fatty acids
1.4
5.7
%
74
% fat
3
70-77
5
DE growing pig (kcal)
590
2390
kcal/kg
-
ME growing pig (kcal)
550
2220
kcal/kg
-
NE growing pig (kcal)
350
1430
kcal/kg
-
DE adult pig (kcal)
660
2670
kcal/kg
-
ME adult pig (kcal)
600
2430
kcal/kg
-
NE adult pig (kcal)
390
1590
kcal/kg
-
Energy digestibility growing pig
-
46.9
%
OM digestibility growing pig
-
51
%
N digestibility growing pig
-
65.8
%
Crude fat digestibility pig
-
56.1
%
Energy digestibility adult pig
-
52.4
%
OM digestibility adult pig
-
56.8
%
N digestibility adult pig
-
74.1
%
AMEn cockerel (kcal)
490
2000
kcal/kg
-
AMEn broiler (kcal)
480
1950
kcal/kg
-
PDIA INRA 2007
22
87
g/kg
-
PDIN INRA 2007
34
137
g/kg
-
PDIE INRA 2007
31
124
g/kg
-
ME ruminants INRA 2007 (kcal)
630
2540
kcal/kg
-
580 -630
2
2270 -2580
2
Energy digestibility ruminants INRA 2007
-
62
%
OM digestibility ruminants INRA 2007
-
62.1
%
N digestibility ruminants
-
67.3
%
N digestibility, intestinal, ruminants
-
75
%
Fatty acids digestibility ruminants
-
75.6
%
N degradability ruminants (k=0.06)
-
48
%
Starch degradability, ruminants (k=0.06)
-
84
%
DM degradability ruminants (k=0.06)
-
40
%
Lysine ruminants INRA 2007
-
5.5
% PDIE
Threonine ruminants INRA 2007
-
4.8
% PDIE
Methionine ruminants INRA 2007
-
1.7
% PDIE
Isoleucine ruminants INRA 2007
-
5
% PDIE
Valine ruminants INRA 2007
-
5.8
% PDIE
Leucine ruminants INRA 2007
-
8.4
% PDIE
Phenylalanine ruminants INRA 2007
-
5.2
% PDIE
Histidine ruminants INRA 2007
-
2.3
% PDIE
Arginine ruminants INRA 2007
-
4.7
% PDIE
OM digestibility horse
-
54.6
%
Energy digestibility horse
-
52.9
%
Horse Forage Unit
0.17
0.7
per kg
-
Digestible crude protein horse
31
124
g/kg
-
DE rabbit (kcal)
690
2820
kcal/kg
-
ME rabbit (kcal)
660
2690
kcal/kg
-
Energy digestibility rabbit
-
55.4
%
N digestibility rabbit
-
49.7
%
Gross energy (MJ)
5.2
21.3
MJ/kg
-
5.2 -5.4
2
Absorbable Ca ruminants
0.2
0.7
g/kg
55
% Ca
UFL FL1 INRA 2018
0.23
0.93
per kg
-
UFV FL1 INRA 2018
0.21
0.85
per kg
-
PDIA FL1 INRA 2018
17
69
g/kg
-
PDI FL1 INRA 2018
29
118
g/kg
-
Rumen protein balance FL1 INRA 2018
5
20
g/kg
-
UFL INRA 2018
0.22
0.9
per kg
-
UFV INRA 2018
0.2
0.81
per kg
-
PDIA INRA 2018
18
75
g/kg
-
PDI INRA 2018
30
122
g/kg
-
Rumen protein balance INRA 2018
3
14
g/kg
-
NE lactation ruminants INRA 2018 (kcal)
390
1580
kcal/kg
-
NE meat production ruminants INRA 2018 (kcal)
350
1430
kcal/kg
-
ME ruminants INRA 2018 (kcal)
630
2560
kcal/kg
-
OM digestibility ruminants INRA 2018
-
60.7
%
Energy digestibility ruminants INRA 2018
-
60.6
%
N degradability ruminants INRA 2018
-
50
%
Starch degradability ruminants INRA 2018
-
84
%
Lysine ruminants INRA 2018
-
5.4
% PDI
Threonine ruminants INRA 2018
-
4.7
% PDI
Methionine ruminants INRA 2018
-
1.8
% PDI
Isoleucine ruminants INRA 2018
-
4.6
% PDI
Valine ruminants INRA 2018
-
5.6
% PDI
Leucine ruminants INRA 2018
-
8.4
% PDI
Phenylalanine ruminants INRA 2018
-
5.2
% PDI
Histidine ruminants INRA 2018
-
2.3
% PDI
Arginine ruminants INRA 2018
-
4.8
% PDI
ME ruminants INRA 2018 (MJ)
2.4
9.8
MJ/kg
-
NE lactation ruminants INRA 2018 (MJ)
1.5
6
MJ/kg
-
NE meat production ruminants INRA 2018 (MJ)
1.3
5.2
MJ/kg
-
DM degradability ruminants INRA 2018
-
39
%
UFL FL4 INRA 2018
0.21
0.84
per kg
-
UFV FL4 INRA 2018
0.18
0.75
per kg
-
PDIA FL4 INRA 2018
21
86
g/kg
-
PDI FL4 INRA 2018
32
132
g/kg
-
Rumen protein balance FL4 INRA 2018
0.3
1
g/kg
-
Fill Unit ruminants INRA 2018
0.102
0.415
per kg
-
C14:0 myristic acid
0.05
0.2
g/kg
0.4
% FA
0.3-0.5
2
Insoluble ash
0.2
0.9
%
-
Phytate phosphorus
0.5
2.2
g/kg
60
% P
Chlorine
0.8
3.2
g/kg
-
Sulfur
0.9
3.6
g/kg
-
Dietary cation-anion difference
-75
-303
mEq/kg
-
Electrolyte balance
-19
-76
mEq/kg
-
Iron
55
225
mg/kg
-
Selenium
0.04
0.2
mg/kg
-
Cobalt
0.02
0.1
mg/kg
-
C6 + C8 + C10 fatty acids
0
0
g/kg
0
% FA
C12:0 lauric acid
0
0
g/kg
0
% FA
C16:1 palmitoleic acid
0.03
0.1
g/kg
0.2
% FA
1
C18:4 stearidonic acid
0
0
g/kg
0
% FA
C20:0 arachidic acid
0.1
0.5
g/kg
0.9
% FA
1
C20:1 eicosenoic acid
0
0
g/kg
0
% FA
C20:4 arachidonic acid
0
0
g/kg
0
% FA
C20:5 eicosapentaenoic acid
0
0
g/kg
0
% FA
C22:0 behenic acid
0
0
g/kg
0
% FA
C22:1 erucic acid
0
0
g/kg
0
% FA
C22:5 docosapentaenoic acid
0
0
g/kg
0
% FA
C22:6 docosahexaenoic acid
0
0
g/kg
0
% FA
C24:0 lignoceric acid
0
0
g/kg
0
% FA
Digestible P pig (no phytase)
0.3
1.1
g/kg
30
%
Digestible P pig (with phytase)
0.4
1.6
g/kg
45
%
Available P cockerel
0.2
0.9
g/kg
25
% P
Available P broiler
0.2
0.9
g/kg
25
% P
UFL INRA 2007
0.22
0.88
per kg
-
UFV INRA 2007
0.19
0.78
per kg
-
Absorbable P ruminants
0.7
2.9
g/kg
78
% P
DE salmonids (kcal)
730
2970
kcal/kg
-
Energy digestibility, salmonids
-
58.2
%
N digestibility salmonids
-
84.5
%
Lysine, ileal standardised, pig
1.2
4.7
g/kg
73
%
1
Threonine, ileal standardised, pig
1.5
6.2
g/kg
84
%
1
Methionine, ileal standardised, pig
0.6
2.6
g/kg
89
%
1
Cystine, ileal standardised, pig
0.7
3
g/kg
87
%
1
Methionine + cystine, ileal standardised, pig
1.4
5.6
g/kg
88
%
Tryptophan, ileal standardised, pig
0.6
2.3
g/kg
86
%
1
Isoleucine, ileal standardised, pig
1.7
6.9
g/kg
89
%
1
Valine, ileal standardised, pig
2.2
9.1
g/kg
86
%
1
Leucine, ileal standardised, pig
3.2
13.1
g/kg
90
%
1
Phenylalanine, ileal standardised, pig
2.2
8.8
g/kg
92
%
1
Tyrosine, ileal standardised, pig
1.4
5.6
g/kg
93
%
1
Phenylananine + tyrosine, ileal standardised, pig
3.5
14.4
g/kg
93
%
Histidine, ileal standardised, pig
1
4.2
g/kg
87
%
1
Arginine, ileal standardised, pig
2.1
8.7
g/kg
93
%
1
Alanine, ileal standardised, pig
2
8
g/kg
80
%
1
Aspartic acid, ileal standardised, pig
2.6
10.5
g/kg
83
%
1
Glutamic acid, ileal standardised, pig
9.1
36.8
g/kg
93
%
1
Glycine, ileal standardised, pig
1.7
6.8
g/kg
82
%
1
Serine, ileal standardised, pig
1.9
7.6
g/kg
89
%
1
Proline, ileal standardised, pig
2.8
11.6
g/kg
61
%
Lysine, ileal standardized, poultry
1
4.1
g/kg
63
%
Threonine, ileal standardized, poultry
1.1
4.4
g/kg
60
%
Methionine, ileal standardized, poultry
0.5
2.1
g/kg
72
%
Cystine, ileal standardized, poultry
0.5
2.1
g/kg
61
%
Methionine + cystine, ileal standardized, poultry
1
4.2
g/kg
66
%
Tryptophan, ileal standardized, poultry
0.4
1.8
g/kg
64
%
Isoleucine, ileal standardized, poultry
1.3
5.3
g/kg
69
%
Valine, ileal standardized, poultry
1.7
6.9
g/kg
66
%
Leucine, ileal standardized, poultry
2.4
9.7
g/kg
66
%
Phenylalanine, ileal standardized, poultry
1.6
6.6
g/kg
69
%
Tyrosine, ileal standardized, poultry
0.9
3.7
g/kg
61
%
Phenylalanine + tyrosine, ileal standardized, poultry
2.5
10.3
g/kg
66
%
Histidine, ileal standardized, poultry
0.8
3.1
g/kg
64
%
Arginine, ileal standardized, poultry
1.6
6.4
g/kg
69
%
Alanine, ileal standardized, poultry
1.6
6.6
g/kg
65
%
Aspartic acid, ileal standardized, poultry
1.9
7.9
g/kg
63
%
Glutamic acid, ileal standardized, poultry
6.8
27.7
g/kg
70
%
Glycine, ileal standardized, poultry
1.2
5
g/kg
60
%
Serine, ileal standardized, poultry
1.4
5.5
g/kg
65
%
Proline, ileal standardized, poultry
3.1
12.6
g/kg
67
%
DE growing pig (MJ)
2.5
10
MJ/kg
-
ME growing pig (MJ)
2.3
9.3
MJ/kg
-
NE growing pig (MJ)
1.5
6
MJ/kg
-
DE adult pig (MJ)
2.8
11.2
MJ/kg
-
ME adult pig (MJ)
2.5
10.2
MJ/kg
-
NE adult pig (MJ)
1.6
6.6
MJ/kg
-
AMEn cockerel (MJ)
2.1
8.4
MJ/kg
-
AMEn broiler (MJ)
2
8.2
MJ/kg
-
ME ruminants INRA 2007 (MJ)
2.6
10.6
MJ/kg
-
DE rabbit (MJ)
2.9
11.8
MJ/kg
-
ME rabbit (MJ)
2.8
11.3
MJ/kg
-
DE salmonids (MJ)
3.1
12.4
MJ/kg
-
NDF digestibility ruminants
-
68
%
1
VEM CVB 2018
216
877
per kg
-
VEVI CVB 2018
211
857
per kg
-
DVE CVB 1991
24
99
g/kg
-
OEB CVB 1991
6
24
g/kg
-
DVLYS CVB 1991
0.8
3.2
g/kg
-
DVMET CVB 1991
0.3
1.3
g/kg
-
TDN 1x ruminants NRC 2001
15.9
64.5
%
-
DE 1x ruminants NRC 2001
0.72
2.94
Mcal/kg
-
NE Lactation 3x ruminants NRC 2001
0.36
1.44
Mcal/kg
-
NE Lactation 4x ruminants NRC 2001
0.33
1.36
Mcal/kg
-
NE Maintenance 3x ruminants NRC 2001
0.38
1.53
Mcal/kg
-
NE Gain 3x ruminants NRC 2001
0.23
0.93
Mcal/kg
-
EN Lactation ruminants GfE
1.5
6.2
MJ/kg
-
nxP ruminants GfE
49
197
g/kg
-
RNB ruminants GfE
0.2
0.7
g/kg
-
Starch, enzymatic method
0.4
1.7
%
-
0.3 -0.5
2
1.4 -2.1
2
Vitamin D
0
0
1000 IU/kg
-