Dry matter
91.9
100
%
-
2.5
80.3 -98.7
1495
3.9
Crude protein
52.9
57.5
%
-
4.2
45 -60
1633
4.3
47.3 -72.4
1516
Crude fibre
1.2
1.3
%
-
0.8
0.3 -3.6
24
0.8
0.3 -3.8
31
Ash
10.1
10.9
%
-
4.3
1.9 -25.9
1578
4.7
2.1 -28
1483
Insoluble ash
0.4
0.5
%
-
0.3
0.02 -0.7
5
0.3
0.02 -0.7
5
Starch
0
0
%
-
Total sugars
0.4
0.4
%
-
0.2
0.2 -0.6
8
0.2
0.2 -0.6
8
Gross energy (kcal)
5580
6070
kcal/kg
-
720
4300 -7030
15
760
4490 -7200
23
Calcium
19.2
20.9
g/kg
-
9.8
3.9 -84.7
1278
10.7
4.3 -88.4
1164
Phosphorus
9.6
10.4
g/kg
-
4.7
1.3 -39.4
1261
5.1
1.3 -42.7
1171
Magnesium
0.8
0.9
g/kg
-
0.2
0.4 -2.1
8
0.2
0.5 -0.9
5
Potassium
5.2
5.7
g/kg
-
1.7
2.4 -16.6
22
1.8
2.9 -8.5
8
Sodium
2.37
2.58
g/kg
-
0.69
1 -8.3
220
0.75
1.38 -5.88
136
Chlorine
2.8
3
g/kg
-
1
0.07 -9.5
434
1.1
0.08 -9.8
329
Sulfur
10
10.9
g/kg
-
7.4 -14
4
8.3 -15.2
4
Manganese
23
25
mg/kg
-
9
10 -80
20
9
11 -34
5
Zinc
74
81
mg/kg
-
37
11 -162
19
40
16 -126
5
Copper
14
15
mg/kg
-
33
7 -83
17
36
8 -89
5
Iron
4717
5131
mg/kg
-
4675
83 -14657
110
5084
90 -15593
91
Selenium
0.5
0.5
mg/kg
-
0.3 -0.5
4
0.3 -0.6
4
Molybdenum
0.9
1
mg/kg
-
0.9 -0.9
3
1 -1
3
Iodine
0.3
0.3
mg/kg
-
0.2 -0.4
4
0.2 -0.4
4
Lysine
24.2
26.4
g/kg
4.6
g/16g N
6.3
17.8 -41.4
28
6.8
18.7 -40.6
23
1.1
3-7.4
26
Threonine
21.1
23
g/kg
4
g/16g N
3.1
15.7 -33.6
24
3.3
16.1 -28
21
0.4
3.2-4.6
23
Methionine
7.5
8.1
g/kg
1.4
g/16g N
2.7
3.1 -12.8
25
3
3.4 -15
22
0.5
0.6-2.5
24
Cystine
13.8
15.1
g/kg
2.6
g/16g N
4.9
4.8 -22.2
21
5.3
5.2 -25
18
1
0.9-4
20
Methionine + cystine
21.3
23.2
g/kg
4
g/16g N
4.1
13.9 -29.9
21
4.4
15 -33.6
18
0.7
2.6-5
20
Tryptophan
4.6
5
g/kg
0.9
g/16g N
0.6
4 -5.5
7
0.7
4.2 -6.2
7
0.2
0.7-1.2
9
Isoleucine
21.3
23.1
g/kg
4
g/16g N
2.9
16.7 -26
24
3.1
18 -29
21
0.4
3.1-4.8
23
Valine
29
31.6
g/kg
5.5
g/16g N
4.8
19.6 -37.1
24
5.1
21.1 -38.8
21
0.8
3.7-6.9
23
Leucine
36.9
40.1
g/kg
7
g/16g N
4.7
30.4 -49.6
24
5
31.6 -48.4
21
0.5
5.9-8
23
Phenylalanine
20.8
22.6
g/kg
3.9
g/16g N
3.4
16.1 -27.2
24
3.6
16.7 -29.7
21
0.5
3.1-4.7
23
Tyrosine
13.8
15
g/kg
2.6
g/16g N
2.6
9.8 -17.8
21
2.8
10.2 -21
19
0.3
2-3.5
21
Phenylalanine + tyrosine
34.6
37.6
g/kg
6.5
g/16g N
5.6
25.9 -44.1
21
6
26.9 -49.7
19
0.7
5.4-7.8
21
Histidine
9.4
10.3
g/kg
1.8
g/16g N
4.4
5.2 -21.4
24
4.7
5.5 -24.3
21
0.8
1-4
23
Arginine
34.8
37.9
g/kg
6.6
g/16g N
4.8
27.7 -45.6
24
5.1
28.4 -48.1
21
0.5
5.5-7.7
23
Alanine
29.5
32
g/kg
5.6
g/16g N
3.9
25.8 -45.9
19
4.1
27 -43
15
0.6
5.1-7.1
16
Aspartic acid
37.8
41.2
g/kg
7.2
g/16g N
5.7
32.1 -54.3
20
6.1
33.3 -55
17
0.7
6.5-9.1
18
Glutamic acid
60.7
66
g/kg
11.5
g/16g N
10.5
50.4 -83.7
20
11.3
53.4 -91
17
1.4
10-15.1
18
Glycine
47
51.2
g/kg
8.9
g/16g N
8.6
38.6 -64.2
20
9.2
43 -77.6
18
1.5
7.7-12.7
20
Serine
34
37
g/kg
6.4
g/16g N
7.7
18.1 -48.6
22
8.3
19.5 -50
19
1.5
3.4-8.1
20
Proline
42.1
45.8
g/kg
8
g/16g N
4.2
36.4 -51.8
15
4.4
37.9 -52.6
12
1
6.3-9.4
13
C12:0 lauric acid
0.2
0.2
g/kg
0.1
% FA
0.1-0.1
2
C14:0 myristic acid
2
2.2
g/kg
1
% FA
1.6 -2
3
1.8 -2.2
3
0.3
0.7-1.6
10
C16:0 palmitic acid
42.2
46
g/kg
21.3
% FA
1.7
18.1-23.6
10
C16:1 palmitoleic acid
9.2
10
g/kg
4.7
% FA
0.7
4.1-5.9
6
C18:0 stearic acid
14.7
16
g/kg
7.4
% FA
1.3
4.6-9.4
10
C18:1 oleic acid
85.7
93.3
g/kg
43.3
% FA
3.4
39.3-50.9
10
C18:2 linoleic acid
37.8
41.2
g/kg
19.1
% FA
3.9
10-23.3
10
C18:3 linolenic acid
2.9
3.2
g/kg
1.5
% FA
1.7 -5.3
3
1.8 -5.9
3
0.9
0-2.9
10
C20:0 arachidic acid
2.2
2.4
g/kg
1.1
% FA
0.5
0.4-1.8
7
Fatty acids
19.8
21.6
%
70
% fat
61-81
3
DE growing pig (kcal)
3980
4330
kcal/kg
-
ME growing pig (kcal)
3720
4050
kcal/kg
-
NE growing pig (kcal)
2770
3010
kcal/kg
-
DE adult pig (kcal)
3980
4330
kcal/kg
-
ME adult pig (kcal)
3710
4040
kcal/kg
-
NE adult pig (kcal)
2760
3000
kcal/kg
-
Energy digestibility growing pig
-
71.4
%
OM digestibility growing pig
-
72.4
%
N digestibility growing pig
-
71.4
%
N digestibility ileal standardised pig
-
76.5
%
76-77
2
Crude fat digestibility pig
-
71.4
%
Energy digestibility adult pig
-
71.4
%
OM digestibility adult pig
-
72.4
%
N digestibility adult pig
-
71.4
%
Digestible P pig (no phytase)
7.2
7.8
g/kg
75
%
74-85
3
N digestibility salmonids
-
87.6
%
1
Lysine, ileal standardised, pig
19.1
20.7
g/kg
79
%
76-82
2
Threonine, ileal standardised, pig
16.2
17.6
g/kg
77
%
77-77
2
Methionine, ileal standardised, pig
6
6.6
g/kg
81
%
80-81
2
Cystine, ileal standardised, pig
9.6
10.4
g/kg
69
%
7.8 -15
2
8.8 -16.9
2
66-72
2
Methionine + cystine, ileal standardised, pig
16
17.4
g/kg
73
%
13.1 -19
2
14.9 -21.5
2
71-74
2
Tryptophan, ileal standardised, pig
3.4
3.7
g/kg
74
%
1
1
1
Isoleucine, ileal standardised, pig
17.2
18.7
g/kg
81
%
80-81
2
Valine, ileal standardised, pig
21.7
23.6
g/kg
75
%
75-75
2
Leucine, ileal standardised, pig
29.4
32
g/kg
80
%
79-80
2
Phenylalanine, ileal standardised, pig
16.7
18.1
g/kg
80
%
79-82
2
Tyrosine, ileal standardised, pig
10.4
11.4
g/kg
76
%
10.4 -12
2
75-77
2
Phenylananine + tyrosine, ileal standardised, pig
27.1
29.5
g/kg
78
%
77-80
2
Histidine, ileal standardised, pig
7
7.7
g/kg
75
%
6 -15.3
2
6.8 -17.4
2
72-78
2
Arginine, ileal standardised, pig
29.8
32.4
g/kg
86
%
29.4 -29.9
2
86-86
2
Alanine, ileal standardised, pig
23.4
25.4
g/kg
79
%
25.2 -26.4
2
79-80
2
Aspartic acid, ileal standardised, pig
24.9
27.1
g/kg
66
%
24.2 -25.8
2
64-68
2
Glutamic acid, ileal standardised, pig
46.9
51
g/kg
77
%
76-78
2
Glycine, ileal standardised, pig
37.4
40.7
g/kg
80
%
79-80
2
Serine, ileal standardised, pig
26.8
29.1
g/kg
79
%
79-79
2
Proline, ileal standardised, pig
32.2
35.1
g/kg
77
%
30.6 -34.1
2
34.7 -38.6
2
76-77
2
Lysine, ileal standardized, poultry
13.5
14.7
g/kg
56
%
45-67
2
Threonine, ileal standardized, poultry
13.7
14.9
g/kg
65
%
64-65
2
Methionine, ileal standardized, poultry
4.9
5.4
g/kg
66
%
56-76
2
Cystine, ileal standardized, poultry
8.4
9.2
g/kg
61
%
56-66
2
Methionine + cystine, ileal standardized, poultry
13.7
14.9
g/kg
63
%
Isoleucine, ileal standardized, poultry
14.5
15.8
g/kg
68
%
67-69
2
Valine, ileal standardized, poultry
18.9
20.5
g/kg
65
%
64-67
2
Leucine, ileal standardized, poultry
27.1
29.4
g/kg
73
%
66-81
2
Phenylalanine, ileal standardized, poultry
14.6
15.9
g/kg
70
%
66-74
2
Tyrosine, ileal standardized, poultry
10.3
11.2
g/kg
74
%
71-78
2
Phenylalanine + tyrosine, ileal standardized, poultry
24.9
27.1
g/kg
72
%
Histidine, ileal standardized, poultry
6.3
6.8
g/kg
67
%
63-70
2
Arginine, ileal standardized, poultry
24.8
27
g/kg
71
%
66-76
2
Alanine, ileal standardized, poultry
20.4
22.2
g/kg
69
%
67-72
2
Aspartic acid, ileal standardized, poultry
17.8
19.3
g/kg
47
%
40-54
2
Glutamic acid, ileal standardized, poultry
42.9
46.6
g/kg
71
%
64-78
2
Serine, ileal standardized, poultry
23
25
g/kg
68
%
64-72
2
Proline, ileal standardized, poultry
30.9
33.6
g/kg
74
%
1
Gross energy (MJ)
23.4
25.4
MJ/kg
-
3
18 -29.4
15
3.2
18.8 -30.1
23
Crude fat
28.3
30.8
%
-
4.5
8.8 -43.1
1113
4.9
9.5 -44.2
1124
NDF
4.7
5.1
%
-
3.2 -7.6
4
3.5 -8.5
4
ADF
3.1
3.4
%
-
1.2
1.5 -4.7
5
1.3
1.7 -5.2
5
Lignin
0.5
0.5
%
-
0.2
0.3 -0.7
8
0.2
0.3 -0.8
8
Water insoluble cell walls
3.9
4.2
%
-
Phytate phosphorus
0
0
g/kg
0
% P
Dietary cation-anion difference
-467
-508
mEq/kg
-
Electrolyte balance
159
173
mEq/kg
-
Cobalt
1
1
mg/kg
-
C6 + C8 + C10 fatty acids
0
0
g/kg
0
% FA
C18:4 stearidonic acid
2.2
2.4
g/kg
1.1
% FA
C20:1 eicosenoic acid
0.8
0.9
g/kg
0.4
% FA
0.4-0.5
2
C20:4 arachidonic acid
0
0
g/kg
0
% FA
C20:5 eicosapentaenoic acid
0
0
g/kg
0
% FA
C22:0 behenic acid
0
0
g/kg
0
% FA
C22:1 erucic acid
0
0
g/kg
0
% FA
C22:5 docosapentaenoic acid
0
0
g/kg
0
% FA
C22:6 docosahexaenoic acid
0
0
g/kg
0
% FA
C24:0 lignoceric acid
0
0
g/kg
0
% FA
Digestible P pig (with phytase)
7.2
7.8
g/kg
75
%
AMEn cockerel (kcal)
4520
4920
kcal/kg
-
AMEn broiler (kcal)
4350
4740
kcal/kg
-
Available P cockerel
8.1
8.8
g/kg
85
% P
Available P broiler
8.1
8.8
g/kg
85
% P
UFL INRA 2007
1.35
1.46
per kg
-
UFV INRA 2007
1.31
1.43
per kg
-
PDIA INRA 2007
230
250
g/kg
-
PDIN INRA 2007
369
401
g/kg
-
PDIE INRA 2007
244
265
g/kg
-
ME ruminants INRA 2007 (kcal)
3660
3980
kcal/kg
-
Energy digestibility ruminants INRA 2007
-
89.1
%
OM digestibility ruminants INRA 2007
-
85
%
N digestibility ruminants
-
79.3
%
N digestibility, intestinal, ruminants
-
80
%
Fatty acids digestibility ruminants
-
78.3
%
Absorbable P ruminants
8.6
9.4
g/kg
90
% P
N degradability ruminants (k=0.06)
-
51
%
46-53
3
Immediately degradable N (a)
-
34
%
28-40
3
Potentially degradable N (b)
-
31
%
21-47
3
Degradation rate of particles N (c)
-
0.072
h-1
0.04-0.093
3
Starch degradability, ruminants (k=0.06)
-
0
%
DM degradability ruminants (k=0.06)
-
52
%
45-54
3
Immediately degradable DM (a)
-
33
%
26-42
3
Potentially degradable DM (b)
-
32
%
20-48
3
Degradation rate of particles DM (c)
-
0.085
h-1
0.04-0.115
3
Lysine ruminants INRA 2007
-
5.7
% PDIE
Threonine ruminants INRA 2007
-
4.7
% PDIE
Methionine ruminants INRA 2007
-
1.4
% PDIE
Isoleucine ruminants INRA 2007
-
4.8
% PDIE
Valine ruminants INRA 2007
-
5.9
% PDIE
Leucine ruminants INRA 2007
-
8.2
% PDIE
Phenylalanine ruminants INRA 2007
-
4.3
% PDIE
Histidine ruminants INRA 2007
-
2
% PDIE
Arginine ruminants INRA 2007
-
5.6
% PDIE
DE rabbit (kcal)
5000
5440
kcal/kg
-
ME rabbit (kcal)
4520
4920
kcal/kg
-
Energy digestibility rabbit
-
89.6
%
N digestibility rabbit
-
74.5
%
DE salmonids (kcal)
4980
5420
kcal/kg
-
Energy digestibility, salmonids
-
89.2
%
Tryptophan, ileal standardized, poultry
3.9
4.2
g/kg
84
%
Glycine, ileal standardized, poultry
38.7
42.1
g/kg
82
%
DE growing pig (MJ)
16.7
18.1
MJ/kg
-
ME growing pig (MJ)
15.6
16.9
MJ/kg
-
NE growing pig (MJ)
11.6
12.6
MJ/kg
-
DE adult pig (MJ)
16.7
18.1
MJ/kg
-
ME adult pig (MJ)
15.5
16.9
MJ/kg
-
NE adult pig (MJ)
11.5
12.6
MJ/kg
-
AMEn cockerel (MJ)
18.9
20.6
MJ/kg
-
AMEn broiler (MJ)
18.2
19.8
MJ/kg
-
ME ruminants INRA 2007 (MJ)
15.3
16.7
MJ/kg
-
DE rabbit (MJ)
20.9
22.8
MJ/kg
-
ME rabbit (MJ)
18.9
20.6
MJ/kg
-
DE salmonids (MJ)
20.8
22.7
MJ/kg
-
Absorbable Ca ruminants
10.6
11.5
g/kg
55
% Ca
NDF digestibility ruminants
-
0
%
VEM CVB 2018
1343
1461
per kg
-
VEVI CVB 2018
1438
1564
per kg
-
DVE CVB 1991
233
253
g/kg
-
OEB CVB 1991
221
241
g/kg
-
DVLYS CVB 1991
2.6
2.8
g/kg
-
DVMET CVB 1991
0.9
0.9
g/kg
-
TDN 1x ruminants NRC 2001
81.1
88.2
%
-
DE 1x ruminants NRC 2001
4.58
4.98
Mcal/kg
-
NE Lactation 3x ruminants NRC 2001
2.76
3
Mcal/kg
-
NE Lactation 4x ruminants NRC 2001
2.62
2.85
Mcal/kg
-
NE Maintenance 3x ruminants NRC 2001
2.65
2.89
Mcal/kg
-
NE Gain 3x ruminants NRC 2001
1.91
2.08
Mcal/kg
-
Rumen Undegradable Protein (diet 25% concentrate) NRC 2001
-
48
%
Rumen Undegradable Protein (diet 50% concentrate) NRC 2001
-
50
%
EN Lactation ruminants GfE
9.5
10.3
MJ/kg
-
nxP ruminants GfE
398
433
g/kg
-
RNB ruminants GfE
21
23
g/kg
-
UFL FL1 INRA 2018
1.53
1.67
per kg
-
UFV FL1 INRA 2018
1.56
1.7
per kg
-
PDIA FL1 INRA 2018
203
220
g/kg
-
PDI FL1 INRA 2018
245
267
g/kg
-
Rumen protein balance FL1 INRA 2018
196
214
g/kg
-
UFL INRA 2018
1.5
1.63
per kg
-
UFV INRA 2018
1.51
1.65
per kg
-
PDIA INRA 2018
214
233
g/kg
-
PDI INRA 2018
255
277
g/kg
-
Rumen protein balance INRA 2018
185
201
g/kg
-
NE lactation ruminants INRA 2018 (kcal)
2630
2870
kcal/kg
-
NE meat production ruminants INRA 2018 (kcal)
2660
2900
kcal/kg
-
ME ruminants INRA 2018 (kcal)
3940
4290
kcal/kg
-
OM digestibility ruminants INRA 2018
-
83.6
%
Energy digestibility ruminants INRA 2018
-
87.7
%
N degradability ruminants INRA 2018
-
49
%
Starch degradability ruminants INRA 2018
-
0
%
Lysine ruminants INRA 2018
-
5.6
% PDI
Threonine ruminants INRA 2018
-
4.6
% PDI
Methionine ruminants INRA 2018
-
1.5
% PDI
Isoleucine ruminants INRA 2018
-
4.4
% PDI
Valine ruminants INRA 2018
-
5.7
% PDI
Leucine ruminants INRA 2018
-
8.2
% PDI
Phenylalanine ruminants INRA 2018
-
4.5
% PDI
Histidine ruminants INRA 2018
-
2
% PDI
Arginine ruminants INRA 2018
-
5.6
% PDI
DM degradability ruminants INRA 2018
-
50
%
Fill Unit ruminants INRA 2018
0.362
0.393
per kg
-
UFL FL4 INRA 2018
1.43
1.55
per kg
-
UFV FL4 INRA 2018
1.43
1.55
per kg
-
PDIA FL4 INRA 2018
230
250
g/kg
-
PDI FL4 INRA 2018
270
293
g/kg
-
Rumen protein balance FL4 INRA 2018
166
181
g/kg
-
Starch, enzymatic method
0
0
%
-
Vitamin C
0
0
mg/kg
-