Dry matter 91.8 100 % - 1.2 89.3 -95.8 130 1.8 Crude protein 77.2 84.1 % - 2.6 64.3 -83.6 178 2.6 70.4 -90.5 129 Crude fibre 0.8 0.9 % - 0.7 0.01 -2.2 37 0.7 0.01 -2.4 24 Crude fat 0.6 0.7 % - 0.4 0.1 -1.6 25 0.4 0.1 -1.6 21 Ash 2.4 2.6 % - 0.6 0.4 -4.2 129 0.7 0.4 -4.5 95 NDF 2.9 3.1 % - 1 1.2 -5.1 2 ADF 0.3 0.4 % - 1 1 Lignin 0.2 0.2 % - 1 1 Starch 0.03 0.04 % - 0.07 0 -0.2 14 0.08 0 -0.2 14 Total sugars 0.4 0.5 % - 0.2 -0.9 3 0.2 -1 3 Gross energy (kcal) 4870 5310 kcal/kg - Calcium 2 2.2 g/kg - 0.8 0.4 -3.1 14 0.9 0.4 -3.3 14 Phosphorus 4.1 4.5 g/kg - 1.5 1.2 -7.6 18 1.6 1.3 -8.1 18 Phytate phosphorus 0.6 0.7 g/kg 15 % P Magnesium 0.5 0.5 g/kg - Potassium 5.4 5.9 g/kg - 0.9 4.4 -7 10 0.9 4.9 -7.2 8 Sodium 0.42 0.45 g/kg - 0.1 -0.8 4 Chlorine 2.9 3.2 g/kg - 0.8 -5 4 0.9 -5.4 2 Sulfur 3.6 3.9 g/kg - Dietary cation-anion difference -150 -163 mEq/kg - Electrolyte balance 76 82 mEq/kg - Manganese 3 3 mg/kg - 3 -3 2 Zinc 21 22 mg/kg - 2 18 -24 7 2 21 -26 5 Copper 36 39 mg/kg - 30 -46 4 33 -49 2 Iron 328 357 mg/kg - 255 34 -744 16 278 37 -849 10 Selenium 1 1 mg/kg - Lysine 58.9 64.2 g/kg 7.6 g/16g N 3.9 46.3 -68.5 51 4.1 50.7 -70 39 0.4 6.6-8.5 51 Threonine 43.4 47.2 g/kg 5.6 g/16g N 3 34.4 -50.2 47 3.2 37.6 -51 36 0.3 4.7-6.2 48 Methionine 17 18.5 g/kg 2.2 g/16g N 1.5 13.3 -20.6 48 1.6 14.6 -22.6 36 0.1 1.8-2.6 48 Cystine 10.5 11.4 g/kg 1.4 g/16g N 1.6 7.9 -18 45 1.7 8.6 -19.4 35 0.2 1.1-2.3 46 Methionine + cystine 27.5 30 g/kg 3.6 g/16g N 2.3 21.2 -34.4 45 2.5 23.2 -37.1 35 0.2 3.2-4.4 46 Tryptophan 10.8 11.7 g/kg 1.4 g/16g N 1.7 4.6 -13.1 38 1.8 5 -13.4 26 0.2 0.6-1.6 38 Isoleucine 43.1 47 g/kg 5.6 g/16g N 3.1 33.9 -49.4 46 3.3 37.1 -53.5 35 0.3 4.9-6.1 47 Valine 50.6 55.1 g/kg 6.6 g/16g N 3.4 40 -56.9 46 3.6 43.8 -63.6 35 0.3 5.8-7.5 47 Leucine 77.4 84.3 g/kg 10 g/16g N 5.4 63 -88.1 46 5.8 69 -93.2 35 0.5 8.4-11 47 Phenylalanine 48.3 52.6 g/kg 6.3 g/16g N 2.9 39.7 -54.6 45 3.1 43.4 -57.9 34 0.3 5.5-6.8 46 Tyrosine 41 44.6 g/kg 5.3 g/16g N 4.3 33.2 -49.1 21 4.6 37.1 -52.7 10 0.5 4.4-6.2 21 Phenylalanine + tyrosine 89.2 97.2 g/kg 11.6 g/16g N 6.9 74.8 -104 20 7.5 83.6 -109 9 0.8 9.8-13 20 Histidine 16.4 17.9 g/kg 2.1 g/16g N 1.8 12.7 -21.7 42 2 13.9 -24 31 0.2 1.8-2.8 43 Arginine 38.8 42.3 g/kg 5 g/16g N 2.4 31.4 -43.4 45 2.6 34.4 -48 34 0.2 4.5-5.5 46 Alanine 37.2 40.5 g/kg 4.8 g/16g N 2.4 30.4 -42.6 45 2.6 33.3 -44.6 34 0.2 4.1-5.2 46 Aspartic acid 95.5 104 g/kg 12.4 g/16g N 5.2 77.3 -104 44 5.5 84.6 -116 34 0.4 11.5-13.6 45 Glutamic acid 81.7 89 g/kg 10.6 g/16g N 4.5 67.7 -90.9 45 4.8 74.1 -98.5 34 0.4 9.6-11.6 46 Glycine 37.3 40.7 g/kg 4.8 g/16g N 2.4 30.4 -41.3 45 2.5 33.3 -44.8 34 0.2 4.2-5.3 46 Serine 40.4 44 g/kg 5.2 g/16g N 2.8 33 -45.7 45 3 36.1 -47.8 34 0.3 4.5-5.7 46 Proline 38.3 41.7 g/kg 5 g/16g N 3.1 31.9 -45 34 3.3 34.9 -48.3 23 0.3 4.2-5.6 35 C14:0 myristic acid 0.01 0.01 g/kg 0.3 % FA 0.3-0.3 4 C16:0 palmitic acid 0.6 0.7 g/kg 18 % FA 1.1 15.6-20.3 27 C16:1 palmitoleic acid 0.04 0.04 g/kg 1.2 % FA 0.8 0.3-4 27 C18:0 stearic acid 0.2 0.2 g/kg 5.3 % FA 0.6 3.9-6.6 27 C18:1 oleic acid 0.06 0.07 g/kg 1.9 % FA 0.8 0.9-4.8 27 C18:2 linoleic acid 1.9 2.1 g/kg 55.5 % FA 3.7 49.2-60.7 27 C18:3 linolenic acid 0.6 0.6 g/kg 17.4 % FA 2.5 13.4-24 27 C20:0 arachidic acid 0.07 0.08 g/kg 2.2 % FA 2-2.3 4 C22:0 behenic acid 0.02 0.02 g/kg 0.7 % FA 0.5-0.7 4 Fatty acids 0.3 0.4 % 55 % fat 9 42-77 22 DE growing pig (kcal) 4560 4970 kcal/kg - 1 1 ME growing pig (kcal) 4070 4430 kcal/kg - NE growing pig (kcal) 2420 2640 kcal/kg - DE adult pig (kcal) 4600 5010 kcal/kg - ME adult pig (kcal) 4080 4450 kcal/kg - NE adult pig (kcal) 2450 2670 kcal/kg - Energy digestibility growing pig - 93.6 % 1 OM digestibility growing pig - 94.4 % 1 N digestibility growing pig - 97 % 1 N digestibility ileal standardised pig - 87 % 76.4-97.4 3 Crude fat digestibility pig - 60.8 % 1 Energy digestibility adult pig - 94.4 % OM digestibility adult pig - 95.2 % N digestibility adult pig - 97.3 % PDIA INRA 2007 465 507 g/kg - PDIN INRA 2007 625 681 g/kg - PDIE INRA 2007 503 548 g/kg - ME ruminants INRA 2007 (kcal) 3380 3680 kcal/kg - Energy digestibility ruminants INRA 2007 - 100 % OM digestibility ruminants INRA 2007 - 96 % N digestibility ruminants - 81.2 % N digestibility, intestinal, ruminants - 94 % Fatty acids digestibility ruminants - 22.6 % Absorbable P ruminants 3.1 3.3 g/kg 74 % P N degradability ruminants (k=0.06) - 42 % Immediately degradable N (a) - 2 % Potentially degradable N (b) - 94 % Degradation rate of particles N (c) - 0.045 h-1 Starch degradability, ruminants (k=0.06) - 80 % DM degradability ruminants (k=0.06) - 35 % Immediately degradable DM (a) - 4 % Potentially degradable DM (b) - 94 % Degradation rate of particles DM (c) - 0.03 h-1 Lysine ruminants INRA 2007 - 7.4 % PDIE Threonine ruminants INRA 2007 - 5.3 % PDIE Methionine ruminants INRA 2007 - 1.9 % PDIE Isoleucine ruminants INRA 2007 - 5.4 % PDIE Valine ruminants INRA 2007 - 6.1 % PDIE Leucine ruminants INRA 2007 - 9.6 % PDIE Phenylalanine ruminants INRA 2007 - 5.9 % PDIE Histidine ruminants INRA 2007 - 2.1 % PDIE Arginine ruminants INRA 2007 - 4.6 % PDIE Lysine, ileal standardised, pig 52.7 57.4 g/kg 89 % 81-98 3 Threonine, ileal standardised, pig 38.8 42.3 g/kg 90 % 81-98 3 Methionine, ileal standardised, pig 15.5 16.9 g/kg 91 % 84-98 3 Cystine, ileal standardised, pig 8.2 8.9 g/kg 78 % 61-95 3 Methionine + cystine, ileal standardised, pig 23.7 25.8 g/kg 86 % 1 1 76-96 2 Tryptophan, ileal standardised, pig 8.1 8.8 g/kg 75 % 4 -9.8 2 4.3 -10.4 2 63-94 3 Isoleucine, ileal standardised, pig 38.5 41.9 g/kg 89 % 82-97 3 Valine, ileal standardised, pig 45.1 49.2 g/kg 89 % 1 1 80-98 3 Leucine, ileal standardised, pig 70.6 76.9 g/kg 91 % 85-98 3 Phenylalanine, ileal standardised, pig 43.9 47.9 g/kg 91 % 84-98 3 Tyrosine, ileal standardised, pig 36.3 39.5 g/kg 89 % 80-97 3 Phenylananine + tyrosine, ileal standardised, pig 80.2 87.4 g/kg 90 % 1 1 82-98 2 Histidine, ileal standardised, pig 14.6 15.9 g/kg 89 % 85-96 3 Arginine, ileal standardised, pig 35.9 39.1 g/kg 92 % 86-99 3 Alanine, ileal standardised, pig 31.9 34.8 g/kg 86 % 74-98 3 Aspartic acid, ileal standardised, pig 85.8 93.5 g/kg 90 % 82-98 3 Glutamic acid, ileal standardised, pig 70.9 77.2 g/kg 87 % 76-98 3 Glycine, ileal standardised, pig 31.3 34.1 g/kg 84 % 70-99 3 Serine, ileal standardised, pig 36 39.2 g/kg 89 % 35.4 -41.4 2 37.5 -44.7 2 80-98 3 Proline, ileal standardised, pig 38.1 41.5 g/kg 100 % 1 1 1 Lysine, ileal standardized, poultry 54.2 59.1 g/kg 92 % Threonine, ileal standardized, poultry 39.5 43 g/kg 91 % Methionine, ileal standardized, poultry 16.5 18 g/kg 97 % Cystine, ileal standardized, poultry 7.5 8.2 g/kg 72 % Methionine + cystine, ileal standardized, poultry 24 26.2 g/kg 87 % Tryptophan, ileal standardized, poultry 9.7 10.6 g/kg 90 % Isoleucine, ileal standardized, poultry 40.1 43.7 g/kg 93 % Valine, ileal standardized, poultry 46.6 50.7 g/kg 92 % Leucine, ileal standardized, poultry 71.2 77.6 g/kg 92 % Phenylalanine, ileal standardized, poultry 44.4 48.4 g/kg 92 % Tyrosine, ileal standardized, poultry 38.5 42 g/kg 94 % Phenylalanine + tyrosine, ileal standardized, poultry 82.9 90.4 g/kg 93 % Histidine, ileal standardized, poultry 15.1 16.4 g/kg 92 % Arginine, ileal standardized, poultry 36.1 39.3 g/kg 93 % Alanine, ileal standardized, poultry 34.6 37.7 g/kg 93 % Aspartic acid, ileal standardized, poultry 84 91.5 g/kg 88 % Glutamic acid, ileal standardized, poultry 75.1 81.9 g/kg 92 % Glycine, ileal standardized, poultry 32.9 35.8 g/kg 88 % Serine, ileal standardized, poultry 36.4 39.6 g/kg 90 % Proline, ileal standardized, poultry 34.8 38 g/kg 91 % Gross energy (MJ) 20.4 22.2 MJ/kg - Absorbable Ca ruminants 1.1 1.2 g/kg 55 % Ca NDF digestibility ruminants - 49 % UFL FL1 INRA 2018 1.4 1.52 per kg - UFV FL1 INRA 2018 1.43 1.56 per kg - PDIA FL1 INRA 2018 340 371 g/kg - PDI FL1 INRA 2018 388 423 g/kg - Rumen protein balance FL1 INRA 2018 322 351 g/kg - UFL INRA 2018 1.41 1.54 per kg - UFV INRA 2018 1.45 1.59 per kg - PDIA INRA 2018 388 423 g/kg - PDI INRA 2018 433 472 g/kg - Rumen protein balance INRA 2018 276 301 g/kg - NE lactation ruminants INRA 2018 (kcal) 2490 2710 kcal/kg - NE meat production ruminants INRA 2018 (kcal) 2560 2790 kcal/kg - ME ruminants INRA 2018 (kcal) 3660 3990 kcal/kg - OM digestibility ruminants INRA 2018 - 94.6 % Energy digestibility ruminants INRA 2018 - 99 % N degradability ruminants INRA 2018 - 46 % Starch degradability ruminants INRA 2018 - 82 % Lysine ruminants INRA 2018 - 7.6 % PDI Threonine ruminants INRA 2018 - 5.4 % PDI Methionine ruminants INRA 2018 - 2 % PDI Isoleucine ruminants INRA 2018 - 5.4 % PDI Valine ruminants INRA 2018 - 6.1 % PDI Leucine ruminants INRA 2018 - 10 % PDI Phenylalanine ruminants INRA 2018 - 5.9 % PDI Histidine ruminants INRA 2018 - 2.1 % PDI Arginine ruminants INRA 2018 - 4.8 % PDI ME ruminants INRA 2018 (MJ) 15.3 16.7 MJ/kg - NE lactation ruminants INRA 2018 (MJ) 10.4 11.3 MJ/kg - NE meat production ruminants INRA 2018 (MJ) 10.7 11.7 MJ/kg - DM degradability ruminants INRA 2018 - 39 % UFL FL4 INRA 2018 1.36 1.49 per kg - UFV FL4 INRA 2018 1.39 1.52 per kg - PDIA FL4 INRA 2018 446 486 g/kg - PDI FL4 INRA 2018 487 531 g/kg - Rumen protein balance FL4 INRA 2018 220 240 g/kg - Fill Unit ruminants INRA 2018 0.466 0.508 per kg - Insoluble ash 0.2 0.2 % - Water insoluble cell walls 0 0 % - Cobalt 0.03 0.03 mg/kg - Molybdenum 1 1 mg/kg - C6 + C8 + C10 fatty acids 0 0 g/kg 0 % FA C12:0 lauric acid 0 0 g/kg 0 % FA C18:4 stearidonic acid 0 0 g/kg 0 % FA C20:1 eicosenoic acid 0 0 g/kg 0 % FA C20:4 arachidonic acid 0 0 g/kg 0 % FA C20:5 eicosapentaenoic acid 0 0 g/kg 0 % FA C22:1 erucic acid 0.01 0.01 g/kg 0.2 % FA 0.1-0.3 4 C22:5 docosapentaenoic acid 0 0 g/kg 0 % FA C22:6 docosahexaenoic acid 0 0 g/kg 0 % FA C24:0 lignoceric acid 0.05 0.05 g/kg 1.3 % FA 1.1-1.5 4 Digestible P pig (no phytase) 1.2 1.4 g/kg 30 % Digestible P pig (with phytase) 1.9 2 g/kg 45 % AMEn cockerel (kcal) 2960 3230 kcal/kg - AMEn broiler (kcal) 2960 3230 kcal/kg - Available P cockerel 1 1.1 g/kg 25 % P Available P broiler 1 1.1 g/kg 25 % P UFL INRA 2007 1.26 1.37 per kg - UFV INRA 2007 1.25 1.37 per kg - OM digestibility horse - 94.7 % Energy digestibility horse - 90.9 % Horse Forage Unit 1 1.09 per kg - DE rabbit (kcal) 5220 5690 kcal/kg - ME rabbit (kcal) 4750 5170 kcal/kg - Energy digestibility rabbit - 100 % N digestibility rabbit - 50.6 % DE salmonids (kcal) 4130 4500 kcal/kg - Energy digestibility, salmonids - 84.8 % N digestibility salmonids - 88.2 % DE growing pig (MJ) 19.1 20.8 MJ/kg - 1 1 ME growing pig (MJ) 17 18.5 MJ/kg - NE growing pig (MJ) 10.1 11 MJ/kg - DE adult pig (MJ) 19.2 21 MJ/kg - ME adult pig (MJ) 17.1 18.6 MJ/kg - NE adult pig (MJ) 10.3 11.2 MJ/kg - AMEn cockerel (MJ) 12.4 13.5 MJ/kg - AMEn broiler (MJ) 12.4 13.5 MJ/kg - ME ruminants INRA 2007 (MJ) 14.1 15.4 MJ/kg - DE rabbit (MJ) 21.9 23.8 MJ/kg - ME rabbit (MJ) 19.9 21.7 MJ/kg - DE salmonids (MJ) 17.3 18.8 MJ/kg - VEM CVB 2018 1259 1372 per kg - VEVI CVB 2018 1372 1495 per kg - DVE CVB 1991 500 545 g/kg - OEB CVB 1991 221 241 g/kg - DVLYS CVB 1991 7 7.6 g/kg - DVMET CVB 1991 2.1 2.3 g/kg - TDN 1x ruminants NRC 2001 83.4 90.9 % - DE 1x ruminants NRC 2001 4.57 4.97 Mcal/kg - NE Lactation 3x ruminants NRC 2001 2.51 2.74 Mcal/kg - NE Lactation 4x ruminants NRC 2001 2.38 2.59 Mcal/kg - NE Maintenance 3x ruminants NRC 2001 2.65 2.88 Mcal/kg - NE Gain 3x ruminants NRC 2001 1.9 2.08 Mcal/kg - Rumen Undegradable Protein (diet 25% concentrate) NRC 2001 - 54 % Rumen Undegradable Protein (diet 50% concentrate) NRC 2001 - 62 % EN Lactation ruminants GfE 8.9 9.7 MJ/kg - nxP ruminants GfE 572 623 g/kg - RNB ruminants GfE 32 35 g/kg - Starch, enzymatic method 0.1 0.1 % - 1 1 Vitamin D 0 0 1000 IU/kg -