Dry matter
91.8
100
%
-
1.2
89.3 -95.8
130
1.8
Crude protein
77.2
84.1
%
-
2.6
64.3 -83.6
178
2.6
70.4 -90.5
129
Crude fibre
0.8
0.9
%
-
0.7
0.01 -2.2
37
0.7
0.01 -2.4
24
Crude fat
0.6
0.7
%
-
0.4
0.1 -1.6
25
0.4
0.1 -1.6
21
Ash
2.4
2.6
%
-
0.6
0.4 -4.2
129
0.7
0.4 -4.5
95
NDF
2.9
3.1
%
-
1
1.2 -5.1
2
ADF
0.3
0.4
%
-
1
1
Lignin
0.2
0.2
%
-
1
1
Starch
0.03
0.04
%
-
0.07
0 -0.2
14
0.08
0 -0.2
14
Total sugars
0.4
0.5
%
-
0.2 -0.9
3
0.2 -1
3
Gross energy (kcal)
4870
5310
kcal/kg
-
Calcium
2
2.2
g/kg
-
0.8
0.4 -3.1
14
0.9
0.4 -3.3
14
Phosphorus
4.1
4.5
g/kg
-
1.5
1.2 -7.6
18
1.6
1.3 -8.1
18
Phytate phosphorus
0.6
0.7
g/kg
15
% P
Magnesium
0.5
0.5
g/kg
-
Potassium
5.4
5.9
g/kg
-
0.9
4.4 -7
10
0.9
4.9 -7.2
8
Sodium
0.42
0.45
g/kg
-
0.1 -0.8
4
Chlorine
2.9
3.2
g/kg
-
0.8 -5
4
0.9 -5.4
2
Sulfur
3.6
3.9
g/kg
-
Dietary cation-anion difference
-150
-163
mEq/kg
-
Electrolyte balance
76
82
mEq/kg
-
Manganese
3
3
mg/kg
-
3 -3
2
Zinc
21
22
mg/kg
-
2
18 -24
7
2
21 -26
5
Copper
36
39
mg/kg
-
30 -46
4
33 -49
2
Iron
328
357
mg/kg
-
255
34 -744
16
278
37 -849
10
Selenium
1
1
mg/kg
-
Lysine
58.9
64.2
g/kg
7.6
g/16g N
3.9
46.3 -68.5
51
4.1
50.7 -70
39
0.4
6.6-8.5
51
Threonine
43.4
47.2
g/kg
5.6
g/16g N
3
34.4 -50.2
47
3.2
37.6 -51
36
0.3
4.7-6.2
48
Methionine
17
18.5
g/kg
2.2
g/16g N
1.5
13.3 -20.6
48
1.6
14.6 -22.6
36
0.1
1.8-2.6
48
Cystine
10.5
11.4
g/kg
1.4
g/16g N
1.6
7.9 -18
45
1.7
8.6 -19.4
35
0.2
1.1-2.3
46
Methionine + cystine
27.5
30
g/kg
3.6
g/16g N
2.3
21.2 -34.4
45
2.5
23.2 -37.1
35
0.2
3.2-4.4
46
Tryptophan
10.8
11.7
g/kg
1.4
g/16g N
1.7
4.6 -13.1
38
1.8
5 -13.4
26
0.2
0.6-1.6
38
Isoleucine
43.1
47
g/kg
5.6
g/16g N
3.1
33.9 -49.4
46
3.3
37.1 -53.5
35
0.3
4.9-6.1
47
Valine
50.6
55.1
g/kg
6.6
g/16g N
3.4
40 -56.9
46
3.6
43.8 -63.6
35
0.3
5.8-7.5
47
Leucine
77.4
84.3
g/kg
10
g/16g N
5.4
63 -88.1
46
5.8
69 -93.2
35
0.5
8.4-11
47
Phenylalanine
48.3
52.6
g/kg
6.3
g/16g N
2.9
39.7 -54.6
45
3.1
43.4 -57.9
34
0.3
5.5-6.8
46
Tyrosine
41
44.6
g/kg
5.3
g/16g N
4.3
33.2 -49.1
21
4.6
37.1 -52.7
10
0.5
4.4-6.2
21
Phenylalanine + tyrosine
89.2
97.2
g/kg
11.6
g/16g N
6.9
74.8 -104
20
7.5
83.6 -109
9
0.8
9.8-13
20
Histidine
16.4
17.9
g/kg
2.1
g/16g N
1.8
12.7 -21.7
42
2
13.9 -24
31
0.2
1.8-2.8
43
Arginine
38.8
42.3
g/kg
5
g/16g N
2.4
31.4 -43.4
45
2.6
34.4 -48
34
0.2
4.5-5.5
46
Alanine
37.2
40.5
g/kg
4.8
g/16g N
2.4
30.4 -42.6
45
2.6
33.3 -44.6
34
0.2
4.1-5.2
46
Aspartic acid
95.5
104
g/kg
12.4
g/16g N
5.2
77.3 -104
44
5.5
84.6 -116
34
0.4
11.5-13.6
45
Glutamic acid
81.7
89
g/kg
10.6
g/16g N
4.5
67.7 -90.9
45
4.8
74.1 -98.5
34
0.4
9.6-11.6
46
Glycine
37.3
40.7
g/kg
4.8
g/16g N
2.4
30.4 -41.3
45
2.5
33.3 -44.8
34
0.2
4.2-5.3
46
Serine
40.4
44
g/kg
5.2
g/16g N
2.8
33 -45.7
45
3
36.1 -47.8
34
0.3
4.5-5.7
46
Proline
38.3
41.7
g/kg
5
g/16g N
3.1
31.9 -45
34
3.3
34.9 -48.3
23
0.3
4.2-5.6
35
C14:0 myristic acid
0.01
0.01
g/kg
0.3
% FA
0.3-0.3
4
C16:0 palmitic acid
0.6
0.7
g/kg
18
% FA
1.1
15.6-20.3
27
C16:1 palmitoleic acid
0.04
0.04
g/kg
1.2
% FA
0.8
0.3-4
27
C18:0 stearic acid
0.2
0.2
g/kg
5.3
% FA
0.6
3.9-6.6
27
C18:1 oleic acid
0.06
0.07
g/kg
1.9
% FA
0.8
0.9-4.8
27
C18:2 linoleic acid
1.9
2.1
g/kg
55.5
% FA
3.7
49.2-60.7
27
C18:3 linolenic acid
0.6
0.6
g/kg
17.4
% FA
2.5
13.4-24
27
C20:0 arachidic acid
0.07
0.08
g/kg
2.2
% FA
2-2.3
4
C22:0 behenic acid
0.02
0.02
g/kg
0.7
% FA
0.5-0.7
4
Fatty acids
0.3
0.4
%
55
% fat
9
42-77
22
DE growing pig (kcal)
4560
4970
kcal/kg
-
1
1
ME growing pig (kcal)
4070
4430
kcal/kg
-
NE growing pig (kcal)
2420
2640
kcal/kg
-
DE adult pig (kcal)
4600
5010
kcal/kg
-
ME adult pig (kcal)
4080
4450
kcal/kg
-
NE adult pig (kcal)
2450
2670
kcal/kg
-
Energy digestibility growing pig
-
93.6
%
1
OM digestibility growing pig
-
94.4
%
1
N digestibility growing pig
-
97
%
1
N digestibility ileal standardised pig
-
87
%
76.4-97.4
3
Crude fat digestibility pig
-
60.8
%
1
Energy digestibility adult pig
-
94.4
%
OM digestibility adult pig
-
95.2
%
N digestibility adult pig
-
97.3
%
PDIA INRA 2007
465
507
g/kg
-
PDIN INRA 2007
625
681
g/kg
-
PDIE INRA 2007
503
548
g/kg
-
ME ruminants INRA 2007 (kcal)
3380
3680
kcal/kg
-
Energy digestibility ruminants INRA 2007
-
100
%
OM digestibility ruminants INRA 2007
-
96
%
N digestibility ruminants
-
81.2
%
N digestibility, intestinal, ruminants
-
94
%
Fatty acids digestibility ruminants
-
22.6
%
Absorbable P ruminants
3.1
3.3
g/kg
74
% P
N degradability ruminants (k=0.06)
-
42
%
Immediately degradable N (a)
-
2
%
Potentially degradable N (b)
-
94
%
Degradation rate of particles N (c)
-
0.045
h-1
Starch degradability, ruminants (k=0.06)
-
80
%
DM degradability ruminants (k=0.06)
-
35
%
Immediately degradable DM (a)
-
4
%
Potentially degradable DM (b)
-
94
%
Degradation rate of particles DM (c)
-
0.03
h-1
Lysine ruminants INRA 2007
-
7.4
% PDIE
Threonine ruminants INRA 2007
-
5.3
% PDIE
Methionine ruminants INRA 2007
-
1.9
% PDIE
Isoleucine ruminants INRA 2007
-
5.4
% PDIE
Valine ruminants INRA 2007
-
6.1
% PDIE
Leucine ruminants INRA 2007
-
9.6
% PDIE
Phenylalanine ruminants INRA 2007
-
5.9
% PDIE
Histidine ruminants INRA 2007
-
2.1
% PDIE
Arginine ruminants INRA 2007
-
4.6
% PDIE
Lysine, ileal standardised, pig
52.7
57.4
g/kg
89
%
81-98
3
Threonine, ileal standardised, pig
38.8
42.3
g/kg
90
%
81-98
3
Methionine, ileal standardised, pig
15.5
16.9
g/kg
91
%
84-98
3
Cystine, ileal standardised, pig
8.2
8.9
g/kg
78
%
61-95
3
Methionine + cystine, ileal standardised, pig
23.7
25.8
g/kg
86
%
1
1
76-96
2
Tryptophan, ileal standardised, pig
8.1
8.8
g/kg
75
%
4 -9.8
2
4.3 -10.4
2
63-94
3
Isoleucine, ileal standardised, pig
38.5
41.9
g/kg
89
%
82-97
3
Valine, ileal standardised, pig
45.1
49.2
g/kg
89
%
1
1
80-98
3
Leucine, ileal standardised, pig
70.6
76.9
g/kg
91
%
85-98
3
Phenylalanine, ileal standardised, pig
43.9
47.9
g/kg
91
%
84-98
3
Tyrosine, ileal standardised, pig
36.3
39.5
g/kg
89
%
80-97
3
Phenylananine + tyrosine, ileal standardised, pig
80.2
87.4
g/kg
90
%
1
1
82-98
2
Histidine, ileal standardised, pig
14.6
15.9
g/kg
89
%
85-96
3
Arginine, ileal standardised, pig
35.9
39.1
g/kg
92
%
86-99
3
Alanine, ileal standardised, pig
31.9
34.8
g/kg
86
%
74-98
3
Aspartic acid, ileal standardised, pig
85.8
93.5
g/kg
90
%
82-98
3
Glutamic acid, ileal standardised, pig
70.9
77.2
g/kg
87
%
76-98
3
Glycine, ileal standardised, pig
31.3
34.1
g/kg
84
%
70-99
3
Serine, ileal standardised, pig
36
39.2
g/kg
89
%
35.4 -41.4
2
37.5 -44.7
2
80-98
3
Proline, ileal standardised, pig
38.1
41.5
g/kg
100
%
1
1
1
Lysine, ileal standardized, poultry
54.2
59.1
g/kg
92
%
Threonine, ileal standardized, poultry
39.5
43
g/kg
91
%
Methionine, ileal standardized, poultry
16.5
18
g/kg
97
%
Cystine, ileal standardized, poultry
7.5
8.2
g/kg
72
%
Methionine + cystine, ileal standardized, poultry
24
26.2
g/kg
87
%
Tryptophan, ileal standardized, poultry
9.7
10.6
g/kg
90
%
Isoleucine, ileal standardized, poultry
40.1
43.7
g/kg
93
%
Valine, ileal standardized, poultry
46.6
50.7
g/kg
92
%
Leucine, ileal standardized, poultry
71.2
77.6
g/kg
92
%
Phenylalanine, ileal standardized, poultry
44.4
48.4
g/kg
92
%
Tyrosine, ileal standardized, poultry
38.5
42
g/kg
94
%
Phenylalanine + tyrosine, ileal standardized, poultry
82.9
90.4
g/kg
93
%
Histidine, ileal standardized, poultry
15.1
16.4
g/kg
92
%
Arginine, ileal standardized, poultry
36.1
39.3
g/kg
93
%
Alanine, ileal standardized, poultry
34.6
37.7
g/kg
93
%
Aspartic acid, ileal standardized, poultry
84
91.5
g/kg
88
%
Glutamic acid, ileal standardized, poultry
75.1
81.9
g/kg
92
%
Glycine, ileal standardized, poultry
32.9
35.8
g/kg
88
%
Serine, ileal standardized, poultry
36.4
39.6
g/kg
90
%
Proline, ileal standardized, poultry
34.8
38
g/kg
91
%
Gross energy (MJ)
20.4
22.2
MJ/kg
-
Absorbable Ca ruminants
1.1
1.2
g/kg
55
% Ca
NDF digestibility ruminants
-
49
%
UFL FL1 INRA 2018
1.4
1.52
per kg
-
UFV FL1 INRA 2018
1.43
1.56
per kg
-
PDIA FL1 INRA 2018
340
371
g/kg
-
PDI FL1 INRA 2018
388
423
g/kg
-
Rumen protein balance FL1 INRA 2018
322
351
g/kg
-
UFL INRA 2018
1.41
1.54
per kg
-
UFV INRA 2018
1.45
1.59
per kg
-
PDIA INRA 2018
388
423
g/kg
-
PDI INRA 2018
433
472
g/kg
-
Rumen protein balance INRA 2018
276
301
g/kg
-
NE lactation ruminants INRA 2018 (kcal)
2490
2710
kcal/kg
-
NE meat production ruminants INRA 2018 (kcal)
2560
2790
kcal/kg
-
ME ruminants INRA 2018 (kcal)
3660
3990
kcal/kg
-
OM digestibility ruminants INRA 2018
-
94.6
%
Energy digestibility ruminants INRA 2018
-
99
%
N degradability ruminants INRA 2018
-
46
%
Starch degradability ruminants INRA 2018
-
82
%
Lysine ruminants INRA 2018
-
7.6
% PDI
Threonine ruminants INRA 2018
-
5.4
% PDI
Methionine ruminants INRA 2018
-
2
% PDI
Isoleucine ruminants INRA 2018
-
5.4
% PDI
Valine ruminants INRA 2018
-
6.1
% PDI
Leucine ruminants INRA 2018
-
10
% PDI
Phenylalanine ruminants INRA 2018
-
5.9
% PDI
Histidine ruminants INRA 2018
-
2.1
% PDI
Arginine ruminants INRA 2018
-
4.8
% PDI
ME ruminants INRA 2018 (MJ)
15.3
16.7
MJ/kg
-
NE lactation ruminants INRA 2018 (MJ)
10.4
11.3
MJ/kg
-
NE meat production ruminants INRA 2018 (MJ)
10.7
11.7
MJ/kg
-
DM degradability ruminants INRA 2018
-
39
%
UFL FL4 INRA 2018
1.36
1.49
per kg
-
UFV FL4 INRA 2018
1.39
1.52
per kg
-
PDIA FL4 INRA 2018
446
486
g/kg
-
PDI FL4 INRA 2018
487
531
g/kg
-
Rumen protein balance FL4 INRA 2018
220
240
g/kg
-
Fill Unit ruminants INRA 2018
0.466
0.508
per kg
-
Insoluble ash
0.2
0.2
%
-
Water insoluble cell walls
0
0
%
-
Cobalt
0.03
0.03
mg/kg
-
Molybdenum
1
1
mg/kg
-
C6 + C8 + C10 fatty acids
0
0
g/kg
0
% FA
C12:0 lauric acid
0
0
g/kg
0
% FA
C18:4 stearidonic acid
0
0
g/kg
0
% FA
C20:1 eicosenoic acid
0
0
g/kg
0
% FA
C20:4 arachidonic acid
0
0
g/kg
0
% FA
C20:5 eicosapentaenoic acid
0
0
g/kg
0
% FA
C22:1 erucic acid
0.01
0.01
g/kg
0.2
% FA
0.1-0.3
4
C22:5 docosapentaenoic acid
0
0
g/kg
0
% FA
C22:6 docosahexaenoic acid
0
0
g/kg
0
% FA
C24:0 lignoceric acid
0.05
0.05
g/kg
1.3
% FA
1.1-1.5
4
Digestible P pig (no phytase)
1.2
1.4
g/kg
30
%
Digestible P pig (with phytase)
1.9
2
g/kg
45
%
AMEn cockerel (kcal)
2960
3230
kcal/kg
-
AMEn broiler (kcal)
2960
3230
kcal/kg
-
Available P cockerel
1
1.1
g/kg
25
% P
Available P broiler
1
1.1
g/kg
25
% P
UFL INRA 2007
1.26
1.37
per kg
-
UFV INRA 2007
1.25
1.37
per kg
-
OM digestibility horse
-
94.7
%
Energy digestibility horse
-
90.9
%
Horse Forage Unit
1
1.09
per kg
-
DE rabbit (kcal)
5220
5690
kcal/kg
-
ME rabbit (kcal)
4750
5170
kcal/kg
-
Energy digestibility rabbit
-
100
%
N digestibility rabbit
-
50.6
%
DE salmonids (kcal)
4130
4500
kcal/kg
-
Energy digestibility, salmonids
-
84.8
%
N digestibility salmonids
-
88.2
%
DE growing pig (MJ)
19.1
20.8
MJ/kg
-
1
1
ME growing pig (MJ)
17
18.5
MJ/kg
-
NE growing pig (MJ)
10.1
11
MJ/kg
-
DE adult pig (MJ)
19.2
21
MJ/kg
-
ME adult pig (MJ)
17.1
18.6
MJ/kg
-
NE adult pig (MJ)
10.3
11.2
MJ/kg
-
AMEn cockerel (MJ)
12.4
13.5
MJ/kg
-
AMEn broiler (MJ)
12.4
13.5
MJ/kg
-
ME ruminants INRA 2007 (MJ)
14.1
15.4
MJ/kg
-
DE rabbit (MJ)
21.9
23.8
MJ/kg
-
ME rabbit (MJ)
19.9
21.7
MJ/kg
-
DE salmonids (MJ)
17.3
18.8
MJ/kg
-
VEM CVB 2018
1259
1372
per kg
-
VEVI CVB 2018
1372
1495
per kg
-
DVE CVB 1991
500
545
g/kg
-
OEB CVB 1991
221
241
g/kg
-
DVLYS CVB 1991
7
7.6
g/kg
-
DVMET CVB 1991
2.1
2.3
g/kg
-
TDN 1x ruminants NRC 2001
83.4
90.9
%
-
DE 1x ruminants NRC 2001
4.57
4.97
Mcal/kg
-
NE Lactation 3x ruminants NRC 2001
2.51
2.74
Mcal/kg
-
NE Lactation 4x ruminants NRC 2001
2.38
2.59
Mcal/kg
-
NE Maintenance 3x ruminants NRC 2001
2.65
2.88
Mcal/kg
-
NE Gain 3x ruminants NRC 2001
1.9
2.08
Mcal/kg
-
Rumen Undegradable Protein (diet 25% concentrate) NRC 2001
-
54
%
Rumen Undegradable Protein (diet 50% concentrate) NRC 2001
-
62
%
EN Lactation ruminants GfE
8.9
9.7
MJ/kg
-
nxP ruminants GfE
572
623
g/kg
-
RNB ruminants GfE
32
35
g/kg
-
Starch, enzymatic method
0.1
0.1
%
-
1
1
Vitamin D
0
0
1000 IU/kg
-