Dry matter
92.1
100
%
-
1.8
83.1 -98.9
1811
2.8
Crude protein
65.2
70.7
%
-
3.3
61.1 -68.9
161
3.3
57.4 -76.3
103
Crude fibre
0
0
%
-
0.5
0 -1.9
25
0.5
0 -2.1
31
Ash
16.8
18.2
%
-
2.8
6.7 -27.9
1702
3
7.3 -33.8
1702
Insoluble ash
0.5
0.5
%
-
1.1
0.02 -5.3
118
1.1
0.02 -5.7
116
Starch
0
0
%
-
0 -1.7
2
1
Total sugars
0
0
%
-
1
1
Gross energy (kcal)
4510
4890
kcal/kg
-
210
4370 -4970
19
210
4670 -5460
26
Calcium
41.3
44.8
g/kg
-
10.8
11.8 -80.1
1046
11.7
12.9 -83.8
1034
Phosphorus
26.4
28.6
g/kg
-
3.9
15.3 -43.4
1109
4.2
16.3 -46.3
1027
Magnesium
2.2
2.4
g/kg
-
0.6
0.7 -4
21
0.6
0.8 -4.3
27
Potassium
7.9
8.5
g/kg
-
2
3.3 -15.7
81
2.2
4.7 -14.5
76
Sodium
10.57
11.47
g/kg
-
2.92
3.2 -19.8
365
3.16
3.77 -20.91
335
Chlorine
16.4
17.8
g/kg
-
6.1
1.4 -34
713
6.6
1.5 -37.4
660
Sulfur
7.1
7.8
g/kg
-
Dietary cation-anion difference
-247
-268
mEq/kg
-
Electrolyte balance
200
217
mEq/kg
-
Manganese
18
19
mg/kg
-
10
3 -37
29
10
3 -41
24
Zinc
99
107
mg/kg
-
18
56 -381
33
19
74 -147
24
Copper
11
12
mg/kg
-
21
3 -108
28
23
3 -115
22
Iron
352
382
mg/kg
-
157
81 -715
51
171
90 -758
43
Selenium
0.4
0.4
mg/kg
-
0.4 -0.5
3
0.4 -0.5
3
Cobalt
0.09
0.1
mg/kg
-
1
0.09 -3
7
2
0.1 -4
7
Molybdenum
0.2
0.2
mg/kg
-
0.2 -0.5
2
0.2 -0.5
2
Iodine
2
2
mg/kg
-
1 -3
3
1 -4
3
Lysine
48.9
53.1
g/kg
7.5
g/16g N
5.5
26.8 -59.9
150
5.9
35.7 -69
133
0.8
4.2-9.7
149
Threonine
27
29.3
g/kg
4.1
g/16g N
3
17.1 -34.4
128
3.2
18.6 -39
118
0.4
2.7-5.3
135
Methionine
17.7
19.2
g/kg
2.7
g/16g N
3.1
8.5 -22.8
108
3.4
0.4 -24.8
100
0.4
1.3-3.4
116
Cystine
5.6
6.1
g/kg
0.9
g/16g N
1.1
3.9 -9
80
1.2
1.2 -10
70
0.1
0.5-1.4
85
Methionine + cystine
23.3
25.3
g/kg
3.6
g/16g N
4
17.7 -30.7
81
4.3
1.6 -33
70
0.4
2.1-4.5
86
Tryptophan
6.5
7.1
g/kg
1
g/16g N
2.5
3.8 -9.2
43
2.7
3.7 -20.9
32
0.2
0.6-1.3
47
Isoleucine
27
29.3
g/kg
4.1
g/16g N
3.8
17.1 -35.4
128
4.1
14 -39.2
120
0.5
2.3-5.3
137
Valine
32.4
35.2
g/kg
5
g/16g N
3.3
21 -41
127
3.5
22.8 -44.7
116
0.4
3.3-6.3
133
Leucine
46.7
50.7
g/kg
7.2
g/16g N
4.5
32 -55.6
128
4.8
34.8 -61.2
117
0.5
5-8.6
134
Phenylalanine
25.4
27.6
g/kg
3.9
g/16g N
2.5
17.1 -31.4
126
2.7
18.6 -34.8
117
0.3
2.7-4.7
134
Tyrosine
19.8
21.5
g/kg
3
g/16g N
2.7
14 -25.1
105
2.9
10.4 -27.1
96
0.4
1.7-3.7
112
Phenylalanine + tyrosine
45.2
49.1
g/kg
6.9
g/16g N
4.4
37.9 -55.2
105
4.6
32.4 -61.3
95
0.5
5.6-8.2
111
Histidine
16.3
17.7
g/kg
2.5
g/16g N
4.7
5.9 -27.7
74
5.1
10.1 -30.6
65
0.7
0.9-4.3
82
Arginine
40.5
43.9
g/kg
6.2
g/16g N
6.3
24.1 -62.9
121
6.8
19.5 -68.1
111
0.9
3.2-9.1
128
Alanine
40.9
44.4
g/kg
6.3
g/16g N
3.1
26.7 -49
125
3.3
29 -53.7
111
0.4
4.2-7.8
129
Aspartic acid
59.3
64.3
g/kg
9.1
g/16g N
7.3
40.8 -77.7
125
7.9
44.3 -84.3
111
1
6.4-11.5
129
Glutamic acid
81.8
88.8
g/kg
12.6
g/16g N
7.6
54.8 -102
125
8
59.5 -113
111
1
8.6-15.8
129
Glycine
43.3
47
g/kg
6.7
g/16g N
5.3
25.4 -83.6
123
5.7
27.6 -70.1
111
1.1
4-12.9
128
Serine
25.3
27.5
g/kg
3.9
g/16g N
3.1
17.1 -43.1
124
3.4
12.4 -38
111
0.5
2.1-6.8
129
Proline
28.1
30.5
g/kg
4.3
g/16g N
3.5
19.3 -51.1
54
3.7
21 -42.5
42
0.8
3-8
59
C14:0 myristic acid
4.1
4.4
g/kg
6
% FA
1.6
3.7 -4.1
3
1.7
4 -7.5
5
2.3
2.8-11.2
15
C16:0 palmitic acid
12
13
g/kg
17.8
% FA
2.5
11.4 -12.3
3
2.7
12.5 -19.1
5
4.7
10.3-28.2
15
C16:1 palmitoleic acid
4.8
5.3
g/kg
7.2
% FA
2.1
4.2 -8.5
5
2.3
4.2-12.3
15
C18:0 stearic acid
2.4
2.6
g/kg
3.6
% FA
1.6
0.6-6.4
15
C18:1 oleic acid
8.2
9
g/kg
12.3
% FA
3.9
5.5-20.2
15
C18:2 linoleic acid
1.4
1.5
g/kg
2.1
% FA
0.4
1.3 -1.5
3
0.5
0.5 -1.6
5
1.3
0.7-4.5
6
C18:3 linolenic acid
1.2
1.4
g/kg
1.9
% FA
1 -1.6
2
1.5-2.2
2
C18:4 stearidonic acid
1
1.1
g/kg
1.5
% FA
0.7 -1.4
2
1-1.9
2
C20:1 eicosenoic acid
4.5
4.8
g/kg
6.6
% FA
4.7
0.6-12.9
9
C20:4 arachidonic acid
1.6
1.7
g/kg
2.4
% FA
1.3 -2
2
2-2.8
2
C20:5 eicosapentaenoic acid
6
6.6
g/kg
9
% FA
4 -8.8
2
5.9-12.1
2
C22:1 erucic acid
5.2
5.6
g/kg
7.7
% FA
6
0.4-16.9
8
C22:5 docosapentaenoic acid
1.8
1.9
g/kg
2.6
% FA
1.3 -2.5
2
1.9-3.4
2
C22:6 docosahexaenoic acid
4.4
4.8
g/kg
6.6
% FA
2.6 -6.8
2
3.9-9.3
2
Fatty acids
6.7
7.3
%
73
% fat
69-77
4
Vitamin E
5.2
5.6
mg/kg
-
Vitamin B1 thiamin
0.2
0.2
mg/kg
-
1
1
Vitamin B2 riboflavin
7.2
7.9
mg/kg
-
1
1
Vitamin B6 pyridoxine
4.2
4.6
mg/kg
-
1
1
Vitamin B12
311
338
µg/kg
-
Niacin
117
127
mg/kg
-
1
1
Pantothenic acid
12
13
mg/kg
-
1
1
Folic acid
0.3
0.3
mg/kg
-
Biotin
0.2
0.2
mg/kg
-
Choline
3812
4138
mg/kg
-
733
2800 -5250
9
791
3111 -5515
9
DE growing pig (kcal)
3830
4160
kcal/kg
-
ME growing pig (kcal)
3460
3760
kcal/kg
-
NE growing pig (kcal)
2240
2430
kcal/kg
-
DE adult pig (kcal)
3830
4160
kcal/kg
-
ME adult pig (kcal)
3460
3750
kcal/kg
-
NE adult pig (kcal)
2230
2420
kcal/kg
-
Energy digestibility growing pig
-
85
%
OM digestibility growing pig
-
85
%
N digestibility growing pig
-
85
%
N digestibility ileal standardised pig
-
89
%
6.3
79.6-96.3
10
Crude fat digestibility pig
-
85
%
Energy digestibility adult pig
-
85
%
OM digestibility adult pig
-
85
%
N digestibility adult pig
-
85
%
Digestible P pig (no phytase)
20.3
22.1
g/kg
77
%
1
AMEn cockerel (kcal)
3180
3460
kcal/kg
-
3080 -3870
4
3380 -4410
4
AMEn broiler (kcal)
3180
3460
kcal/kg
-
Available P broiler
22.4
24.3
g/kg
85
% P
Absorbable P ruminants
23.7
25.8
g/kg
90
% P
DE salmonids (kcal)
3890
4220
kcal/kg
-
360
3250 -4470
7
390
3630 -4720
7
Energy digestibility, salmonids
-
86.3
%
8.1
71.8-93
7
N digestibility salmonids
-
90.2
%
Digestible P salmonids
12.5
13.5
g/kg
47
%
8.2 -22.8
3
8.6 -24
3
29-67
3
Lysine, ileal standardised, pig
45.6
49.6
g/kg
93
%
5.3
42.3 -53.8
5
5.7
45.6 -58.8
5
4
85-98
10
Threonine, ileal standardised, pig
24.7
26.8
g/kg
92
%
5.4
14.5 -28.2
6
5.9
15.7 -31.2
6
7
79-99
10
Methionine, ileal standardised, pig
16.4
17.8
g/kg
93
%
1.1
15.8 -18.4
5
1.2
17 -20
5
4
87-98
10
Cystine, ileal standardised, pig
4.8
5.2
g/kg
86
%
1
3.3 -6
6
1.1
3.6 -6.5
6
7
76-96
10
Methionine + cystine, ileal standardised, pig
21.2
23.1
g/kg
91
%
4
86-97
10
Tryptophan, ileal standardised, pig
5.8
6.3
g/kg
89
%
8
79-97
7
Isoleucine, ileal standardised, pig
25.1
27.2
g/kg
93
%
5.3
14.9 -28.8
6
5.7
16.1 -31.5
6
4
86-98
10
Valine, ileal standardised, pig
29.8
32.4
g/kg
92
%
2.1
28.7 -33.3
5
2.2
30.8 -36.3
5
5
83-98
10
Leucine, ileal standardised, pig
43.6
47.4
g/kg
94
%
3.1
42.7 -49.4
5
3.2
45.8 -53.9
5
4
85-98
10
Phenylalanine, ileal standardised, pig
23.4
25.4
g/kg
92
%
1.8
22.9 -26.9
5
1.9
24.5 -29.4
5
4
85-98
10
Tyrosine, ileal standardised, pig
18.3
19.8
g/kg
92
%
4
11.8 -22
6
4.3
12.9 -24.1
6
5
84-98
10
Phenylananine + tyrosine, ileal standardised, pig
41.7
45.3
g/kg
92
%
3.7
45.1 -53.4
5
5
85-98
10
Histidine, ileal standardised, pig
14.5
15.7
g/kg
89
%
6.9
10.6 -24.6
5
7.5
11.5 -27.5
5
5
82-95
10
Arginine, ileal standardised, pig
38.1
41.4
g/kg
94
%
3.1
32.6 -39.8
5
3.3
35.2 -43.4
5
4
87-99
10
Alanine, ileal standardised, pig
37.8
41
g/kg
92
%
3.3
33.9 -41.3
5
3.5
36.5 -45.1
5
5
84-99
10
Aspartic acid, ileal standardised, pig
52.2
56.6
g/kg
88
%
3.8
50.8 -58.6
5
4
54.7 -64
5
8
71-96
10
Glutamic acid, ileal standardised, pig
76.5
83.1
g/kg
94
%
14.8
47.5 -85.2
6
16
51.7 -93
6
5
85-99
10
Glycine, ileal standardised, pig
38.6
41.9
g/kg
89
%
6.4
35.6 -48.3
5
6.9
38.3 -54.1
5
7
78-98
10
Serine, ileal standardised, pig
23
25
g/kg
91
%
2
22.7 -28.1
5
2.1
24.5 -30.1
5
7
77-98
10
Proline, ileal standardised, pig
26.1
28.3
g/kg
93
%
4.6
16.6 -28.7
6
5
18.1 -32.2
6
6
83-100
9
Lysine, ileal standardized, poultry
43.3
47
g/kg
89
%
87-92
4
Threonine, ileal standardized, poultry
23.9
26
g/kg
89
%
83-96
4
Methionine, ileal standardized, poultry
15.7
17
g/kg
89
%
85-93
4
Cystine, ileal standardized, poultry
4.1
4.5
g/kg
74
%
69-84
4
Methionine + cystine, ileal standardized, poultry
19.8
21.5
g/kg
85
%
Tryptophan, ileal standardized, poultry
5.8
6.3
g/kg
90
%
1
Isoleucine, ileal standardized, poultry
23.7
25.7
g/kg
88
%
85-90
4
Valine, ileal standardized, poultry
28
30.4
g/kg
86
%
84-92
4
Leucine, ileal standardized, poultry
41.6
45.2
g/kg
89
%
87-94
4
Phenylalanine, ileal standardized, poultry
22.3
24.2
g/kg
88
%
86-91
4
Tyrosine, ileal standardized, poultry
17.2
18.7
g/kg
87
%
83-93
4
Phenylalanine + tyrosine, ileal standardized, poultry
39.5
42.9
g/kg
87
%
Histidine, ileal standardized, poultry
14.4
15.6
g/kg
89
%
85-93
4
Arginine, ileal standardized, poultry
36.2
39.2
g/kg
89
%
88-91
4
Alanine, ileal standardized, poultry
36.2
39.3
g/kg
88
%
84-95
4
Aspartic acid, ileal standardized, poultry
47.5
51.5
g/kg
80
%
75-90
4
Glutamic acid, ileal standardized, poultry
71.8
78
g/kg
88
%
84-92
4
Glycine, ileal standardized, poultry
33.4
36.3
g/kg
77
%
76-78
2
Serine, ileal standardized, poultry
21.2
23
g/kg
84
%
77-91
4
Proline, ileal standardized, poultry
23.9
25.9
g/kg
85
%
78-88
3
Gross energy (MJ)
18.9
20.5
MJ/kg
-
0.9
18.3 -20.8
19
0.9
19.5 -22.9
26
Crude fat
9.2
10
%
-
1.5
1.9 -15.2
1014
1.6
2.1 -16.6
1000
NDF
5.3
5.8
%
-
2.4
2.6
3.1 -9
5
ADF
0.5
0.5
%
-
1
0.5
0 -1.6
7
Lignin
0.2
0.2
%
-
0.1
0.2
0 -0.3
6
Water insoluble cell walls
4.5
4.9
%
-
Phytate phosphorus
0
0
g/kg
0
% P
C6 + C8 + C10 fatty acids
0
0
g/kg
0
% FA
C12:0 lauric acid
0.09
0.09
g/kg
0.1
% FA
0.08 -0.1
2
0.1-0.2
2
C20:0 arachidic acid
0.2
0.2
g/kg
0.3
% FA
0.2 -0.3
2
0.3-0.4
2
C22:0 behenic acid
0.2
0.2
g/kg
0.3
% FA
0.1 -0.2
2
0.2-0.4
2
C24:0 lignoceric acid
0
0
g/kg
0
% FA
Digestible P pig (with phytase)
20.3
22.1
g/kg
77
%
Available P cockerel
22.4
24.3
g/kg
85
% P
UFL INRA 2007
1.11
1.2
per kg
-
UFV INRA 2007
1.09
1.18
per kg
-
PDIA INRA 2007
302
328
g/kg
-
1
PDIN INRA 2007
473
513
g/kg
-
1
509 -557
2
PDIE INRA 2007
331
359
g/kg
-
1
ME ruminants INRA 2007 (kcal)
3000
3260
kcal/kg
-
Energy digestibility ruminants INRA 2007
-
95.9
%
OM digestibility ruminants INRA 2007
-
95.3
%
93-97.7
3
N digestibility ruminants
-
81
%
N digestibility, intestinal, ruminants
-
85
%
Fatty acids digestibility ruminants
-
76.4
%
N degradability ruminants (k=0.06)
-
51
%
8
31-54
10
Immediately degradable N (a)
-
30
%
8
17-48
16
Potentially degradable N (b)
-
41
%
24
15-120
16
Degradation rate of particles N (c)
-
0.061
h-1
0.062
0.006-0.21
16
Starch degradability, ruminants (k=0.06)
-
0
%
DM degradability ruminants (k=0.06)
-
47
%
Immediately degradable DM (a)
-
23
%
8-29
4
Potentially degradable DM (b)
-
36
%
21-57
4
Degradation rate of particles DM (c)
-
0.126
h-1
0.05-0.21
4
Lysine ruminants INRA 2007
-
8.1
% PDIE
Threonine ruminants INRA 2007
-
4.9
% PDIE
Methionine ruminants INRA 2007
-
2.5
% PDIE
Isoleucine ruminants INRA 2007
-
5
% PDIE
Valine ruminants INRA 2007
-
5.6
% PDIE
Leucine ruminants INRA 2007
-
8.4
% PDIE
Phenylalanine ruminants INRA 2007
-
4.4
% PDIE
Histidine ruminants INRA 2007
-
2.5
% PDIE
Arginine ruminants INRA 2007
-
5.5
% PDIE
DE rabbit (kcal)
4260
4620
kcal/kg
-
ME rabbit (kcal)
3680
3990
kcal/kg
-
Energy digestibility rabbit
-
94.5
%
N digestibility rabbit
-
74.8
%
DE growing pig (MJ)
16
17.4
MJ/kg
-
ME growing pig (MJ)
14.5
15.7
MJ/kg
-
NE growing pig (MJ)
9.4
10.2
MJ/kg
-
DE adult pig (MJ)
16
17.4
MJ/kg
-
ME adult pig (MJ)
14.5
15.7
MJ/kg
-
NE adult pig (MJ)
9.3
10.1
MJ/kg
-
AMEn cockerel (MJ)
13.3
14.5
MJ/kg
-
AMEn broiler (MJ)
13.3
14.5
MJ/kg
-
ME ruminants INRA 2007 (MJ)
12.6
13.6
MJ/kg
-
DE rabbit (MJ)
17.8
19.3
MJ/kg
-
ME rabbit (MJ)
15.4
16.7
MJ/kg
-
DE salmonids (MJ)
16.3
17.7
MJ/kg
-
Absorbable Ca ruminants
22.7
24.6
g/kg
55
% Ca
NDF digestibility ruminants
-
0
%
VEM CVB 2018
1106
1200
per kg
-
VEVI CVB 2018
1190
1292
per kg
-
DVE CVB 1991
324
352
g/kg
-
OEB CVB 1991
253
275
g/kg
-
DVLYS CVB 1991
5.4
5.8
g/kg
-
DVMET CVB 1991
1.9
2.1
g/kg
-
TDN 1x ruminants NRC 2001
65
70.6
%
-
DE 1x ruminants NRC 2001
4.04
4.39
Mcal/kg
-
NE Lactation 3x ruminants NRC 2001
2.23
2.42
Mcal/kg
-
NE Lactation 4x ruminants NRC 2001
2.11
2.29
Mcal/kg
-
NE Maintenance 3x ruminants NRC 2001
2.32
2.51
Mcal/kg
-
NE Gain 3x ruminants NRC 2001
1.64
1.78
Mcal/kg
-
Rumen Undegradable Protein (diet 25% concentrate) NRC 2001
-
48
%
Rumen Undegradable Protein (diet 50% concentrate) NRC 2001
-
51
%
EN Lactation ruminants GfE
7.8
8.5
MJ/kg
-
nxP ruminants GfE
438
475
g/kg
-
RNB ruminants GfE
34
37
g/kg
-
UFL FL1 INRA 2018
1.3
1.41
per kg
-
UFV FL1 INRA 2018
1.34
1.45
per kg
-
PDIA FL1 INRA 2018
258
280
g/kg
-
PDI FL1 INRA 2018
302
328
g/kg
-
Rumen protein balance FL1 INRA 2018
266
289
g/kg
-
UFL INRA 2018
1.28
1.38
per kg
-
UFV INRA 2018
1.31
1.42
per kg
-
PDIA INRA 2018
277
300
g/kg
-
PDI INRA 2018
319
346
g/kg
-
Rumen protein balance INRA 2018
247
269
g/kg
-
NE lactation ruminants INRA 2018 (kcal)
2250
2440
kcal/kg
-
NE meat production ruminants INRA 2018 (kcal)
2300
2490
kcal/kg
-
ME ruminants INRA 2018 (kcal)
3320
3600
kcal/kg
-
OM digestibility ruminants INRA 2018
-
94
%
Energy digestibility ruminants INRA 2018
-
94.5
%
N degradability ruminants INRA 2018
-
50
%
Starch degradability ruminants INRA 2018
-
0
%
Lysine ruminants INRA 2018
-
8.3
% PDI
Threonine ruminants INRA 2018
-
4.8
% PDI
Methionine ruminants INRA 2018
-
2.8
% PDI
Isoleucine ruminants INRA 2018
-
4.6
% PDI
Valine ruminants INRA 2018
-
5.5
% PDI
Leucine ruminants INRA 2018
-
8.6
% PDI
Phenylalanine ruminants INRA 2018
-
4.6
% PDI
Histidine ruminants INRA 2018
-
2.6
% PDI
Arginine ruminants INRA 2018
-
5.6
% PDI
DM degradability ruminants INRA 2018
-
46
%
Fill Unit ruminants INRA 2018
0.395
0.429
per kg
-
UFL FL4 INRA 2018
1.23
1.33
per kg
-
UFV FL4 INRA 2018
1.24
1.35
per kg
-
PDIA FL4 INRA 2018
302
327
g/kg
-
PDI FL4 INRA 2018
342
372
g/kg
-
Rumen protein balance FL4 INRA 2018
220
239
g/kg
-
Starch, enzymatic method
0
0
%
-
Vitamin A
0
0
1000 IU/kg
-
Vitamin D
2
2.2
1000 IU/kg
-
Vitamin C
0
0
mg/kg
-