Dry matter
88
100
%
-
1
84.6 -94.2
211
1.6
Crude protein
6.2
7.1
%
-
2.2
2.7 -13.2
229
2.5
3 -15
219
Crude fibre
42.9
48.7
%
-
5.4
28.3 -53.2
218
6.1
32.3 -60.5
208
Crude fat
0.9
1
%
-
0.4
0.4 -1.7
10
0.5
0.5 -1.9
10
Ash
2.3
2.6
%
-
0.5
1.6 -5.8
204
0.5
1.8 -6.7
194
NDF
72.8
82.7
%
-
7.4
59 -79.4
9
8.4
66.4 -92.6
10
ADF
57
64.7
%
-
7.4
46.1 -67.7
9
8.3
51.8 -75.2
10
Lignin
24.8
28.2
%
-
2.3
22.3 -28.4
9
2.6
24.9 -33.3
10
Water insoluble cell walls
78.3
89
%
-
1
1
Starch
2.6
3
%
-
1.8
0.8 -6.7
16
2
0.9 -7.5
16
Total sugars
0.9
1
%
-
Gross energy (kcal)
4080
4630
kcal/kg
-
Calcium
1.9
2.2
g/kg
-
0.7
0.6 -2.9
7
0.7 -3.2
4
Phosphorus
1.9
2.2
g/kg
-
1.5
0.6 -5
7
Potassium
5.6
6.4
g/kg
-
4.9 -6.4
3
5.5 -7.2
3
Sodium
0.2
0.23
g/kg
-
0.1 -0.4
3
0.11 -0.47
3
Chlorine
0.7
0.8
g/kg
-
0.6 -1
3
0.7 -1.1
3
Electrolyte balance
132
150
mEq/kg
-
Fatty acids
0.7
0.8
%
80
% fat
DE growing pig (kcal)
1190
1350
kcal/kg
-
ME growing pig (kcal)
1100
1250
kcal/kg
-
NE growing pig (kcal)
520
590
kcal/kg
-
DE adult pig (kcal)
1460
1660
kcal/kg
-
ME adult pig (kcal)
1300
1480
kcal/kg
-
NE adult pig (kcal)
630
710
kcal/kg
-
Energy digestibility growing pig
-
29.2
%
OM digestibility growing pig
-
34.9
%
N digestibility growing pig
-
21.4
%
Crude fat digestibility pig
-
0
%
Energy digestibility adult pig
-
35.8
%
OM digestibility adult pig
-
41.1
%
N digestibility adult pig
-
46.9
%
PDIA INRA 2007
12
14
g/kg
-
PDIN INRA 2007
32
37
g/kg
-
PDIE INRA 2007
45
51
g/kg
-
ME ruminants INRA 2007 (kcal)
1410
1600
kcal/kg
-
Energy digestibility ruminants INRA 2007
-
43.1
%
OM digestibility ruminants INRA 2007
-
45
%
N digestibility ruminants
-
36
%
N digestibility, intestinal, ruminants
-
45
%
Fatty acids digestibility ruminants
-
53.1
%
N degradability ruminants (k=0.06)
-
60
%
Starch degradability, ruminants (k=0.06)
-
80
%
DM degradability ruminants (k=0.06)
-
25
%
OM digestibility horse
-
46.3
%
Energy digestibility horse
-
45
%
Horse Forage Unit
0.57
0.65
per kg
-
Digestible crude protein horse
9
10
g/kg
-
DE rabbit (kcal)
830
950
kcal/kg
-
ME rabbit (kcal)
800
910
kcal/kg
-
Energy digestibility rabbit
-
20.5
%
N digestibility rabbit
-
40.7
%
Gross energy (MJ)
17.1
19.4
MJ/kg
-
Absorbable Ca ruminants
1.1
1.2
g/kg
55
% Ca
NDF digestibility ruminants
-
68
%
UFL FL1 INRA 2018
0.49
0.55
per kg
-
UFV FL1 INRA 2018
0.38
0.44
per kg
-
PDIA FL1 INRA 2018
10
11
g/kg
-
PDI FL1 INRA 2018
49
56
g/kg
-
Rumen protein balance FL1 INRA 2018
-33
-38
g/kg
-
UFL INRA 2018
0.46
0.53
per kg
-
UFV INRA 2018
0.36
0.41
per kg
-
PDIA INRA 2018
11
13
g/kg
-
PDI INRA 2018
49
56
g/kg
-
Rumen protein balance INRA 2018
-34
-38
g/kg
-
NE lactation ruminants INRA 2018 (kcal)
820
930
kcal/kg
-
NE meat production ruminants INRA 2018 (kcal)
630
720
kcal/kg
-
ME ruminants INRA 2018 (kcal)
1410
1600
kcal/kg
-
OM digestibility ruminants INRA 2018
-
43.6
%
Energy digestibility ruminants INRA 2018
-
41.8
%
N degradability ruminants INRA 2018
-
61
%
Starch degradability ruminants INRA 2018
-
82
%
ME ruminants INRA 2018 (MJ)
5.9
6.7
MJ/kg
-
NE lactation ruminants INRA 2018 (MJ)
3.4
3.9
MJ/kg
-
NE meat production ruminants INRA 2018 (MJ)
2.6
3
MJ/kg
-
DM degradability ruminants INRA 2018
-
24
%
UFL FL4 INRA 2018
0.42
0.48
per kg
-
UFV FL4 INRA 2018
0.31
0.36
per kg
-
PDIA FL4 INRA 2018
13
15
g/kg
-
PDI FL4 INRA 2018
50
57
g/kg
-
Rumen protein balance FL4 INRA 2018
-37
-42
g/kg
-
Fill Unit ruminants INRA 2018
0.531
0.603
per kg
-
C14:0 myristic acid
0.2
0.2
g/kg
3
% FA
2.7-3.2
2
Insoluble ash
0.3
0.4
%
-
Phytate phosphorus
1.8
2
g/kg
91
% P
89-92
2
Magnesium
3.8
4.3
g/kg
-
Manganese
52
59
mg/kg
-
Zinc
36
41
mg/kg
-
Copper
8
9
mg/kg
-
Iron
53
60
mg/kg
-
Lysine
3.9
4.5
g/kg
6.3
g/16g N
1
1
Threonine
3.4
3.8
g/kg
5.4
g/16g N
1
1
Methionine
1.8
2.1
g/kg
2.9
g/16g N
1
1
Cystine
0.3
0.4
g/kg
0.5
g/16g N
1
1
Methionine + cystine
2.1
2.4
g/kg
3.4
g/16g N
Tryptophan
0.4
0.4
g/kg
0.6
g/16g N
1
Isoleucine
3.2
3.6
g/kg
5.1
g/16g N
1
1
Valine
4.1
4.7
g/kg
6.6
g/16g N
1
1
Leucine
5.2
5.9
g/kg
8.3
g/16g N
1
1
Phenylalanine
2.7
3.1
g/kg
4.3
g/16g N
1
1
Tyrosine
1.1
1.3
g/kg
1.8
g/16g N
1
1
Phenylalanine + tyrosine
3.8
4.3
g/kg
6.1
g/16g N
Histidine
2.4
2.8
g/kg
3.9
g/16g N
1
1
Arginine
3.4
3.8
g/kg
5.4
g/16g N
1
1
Alanine
3.1
3.5
g/kg
5
g/16g N
1
1
Aspartic acid
6.7
7.6
g/kg
10.7
g/16g N
1
1
Glutamic acid
8.3
9.4
g/kg
13.3
g/16g N
1
1
Glycine
4.7
5.3
g/kg
7.5
g/16g N
1
1
Serine
3.6
4
g/kg
5.7
g/16g N
1
1
Proline
2.6
3
g/kg
4.2
g/16g N
1
1
C6 + C8 + C10 fatty acids
0
0
g/kg
0
% FA
C12:0 lauric acid
0.1
0.1
g/kg
1.7
% FA
1.6-1.7
2
C16:0 palmitic acid
0.8
0.9
g/kg
11.7
% FA
11.6-11.8
2
C16:1 palmitoleic acid
0.2
0.3
g/kg
3.4
% FA
3.4-3.4
2
C18:0 stearic acid
0.2
0.3
g/kg
3.4
% FA
2.5-4.2
2
C18:1 oleic acid
1.1
1.2
g/kg
15.2
% FA
14.6-15.8
2
C18:2 linoleic acid
1.2
1.4
g/kg
17
% FA
13-20.9
2
C18:3 linolenic acid
0.3
0.3
g/kg
3.6
% FA
3.4-3.8
2
C18:4 stearidonic acid
0
0
g/kg
0
% FA
C20:0 arachidic acid
0.4
0.4
g/kg
5.2
% FA
5-5.3
2
C20:1 eicosenoic acid
0
0
g/kg
0
% FA
C20:4 arachidonic acid
0
0
g/kg
0
% FA
C20:5 eicosapentaenoic acid
0
0
g/kg
0
% FA
C22:0 behenic acid
0.4
0.5
g/kg
6
% FA
5.8-6.2
2
C22:1 erucic acid
0
0
g/kg
0
% FA
0-0
2
C22:5 docosapentaenoic acid
0
0
g/kg
0
% FA
C22:6 docosahexaenoic acid
0
0
g/kg
0
% FA
C24:0 lignoceric acid
0.6
0.7
g/kg
8.4
% FA
7-9.7
2
Digestible P pig (no phytase)
0.6
0.7
g/kg
30
%
Digestible P pig (with phytase)
0.9
1
g/kg
45
%
AMEn cockerel (kcal)
470
540
kcal/kg
-
AMEn broiler (kcal)
460
530
kcal/kg
-
Available P cockerel
0.5
0.6
g/kg
25
% P
Available P broiler
0.5
0.6
g/kg
25
% P
UFL INRA 2007
0.45
0.52
per kg
-
UFV INRA 2007
0.35
0.4
per kg
-
Absorbable P ruminants
1.3
1.4
g/kg
65
% P
Lysine ruminants INRA 2007
-
7.5
% PDIE
Threonine ruminants INRA 2007
-
5.4
% PDIE
Methionine ruminants INRA 2007
-
2.2
% PDIE
Isoleucine ruminants INRA 2007
-
5.5
% PDIE
Valine ruminants INRA 2007
-
6
% PDIE
Leucine ruminants INRA 2007
-
8.3
% PDIE
Phenylalanine ruminants INRA 2007
-
4.9
% PDIE
Histidine ruminants INRA 2007
-
2.3
% PDIE
Arginine ruminants INRA 2007
-
4.7
% PDIE
DE salmonids (kcal)
1990
2260
kcal/kg
-
Energy digestibility, salmonids
-
48.8
%
N digestibility salmonids
-
75.3
%
Lysine, ileal standardised, pig
1.6
1.9
g/kg
42
%
Threonine, ileal standardised, pig
1.6
1.8
g/kg
46
%
Methionine, ileal standardised, pig
1.2
1.4
g/kg
66
%
Cystine, ileal standardised, pig
0.1
0.1
g/kg
37
%
Methionine + cystine, ileal standardised, pig
0.7
0.8
g/kg
61
%
Tryptophan, ileal standardised, pig
0.2
0.2
g/kg
48
%
Isoleucine, ileal standardised, pig
1.9
2.2
g/kg
60
%
Valine, ileal standardised, pig
2.3
2.6
g/kg
55
%
Leucine, ileal standardised, pig
3.2
3.6
g/kg
61
%
Phenylalanine, ileal standardised, pig
1.8
2
g/kg
65
%
Tyrosine, ileal standardised, pig
0.7
0.8
g/kg
60
%
Phenylananine + tyrosine, ileal standardised, pig
1.4
1.6
g/kg
64
%
Histidine, ileal standardised, pig
1.4
1.6
g/kg
57
%
Arginine, ileal standardised, pig
2.5
2.8
g/kg
73
%
Alanine, ileal standardised, pig
1.6
1.8
g/kg
50
%
Aspartic acid, ileal standardised, pig
3.8
4.3
g/kg
57
%
Glutamic acid, ileal standardised, pig
5.7
6.5
g/kg
69
%
Glycine, ileal standardised, pig
1.5
1.8
g/kg
33
%
Serine, ileal standardised, pig
1.9
2.1
g/kg
52
%
Proline, ileal standardised, pig
1.4
1.6
g/kg
53
%
Lysine, ileal standardized, poultry
2.2
2.6
g/kg
57
%
Threonine, ileal standardized, poultry
1.8
2
g/kg
53
%
Methionine, ileal standardized, poultry
1.2
1.4
g/kg
68
%
Cystine, ileal standardized, poultry
0.2
0.2
g/kg
57
%
Methionine + cystine, ileal standardized, poultry
0.8
0.9
g/kg
66
%
Tryptophan, ileal standardized, poultry
0.2
0.3
g/kg
58
%
Isoleucine, ileal standardized, poultry
2
2.3
g/kg
64
%
Valine, ileal standardized, poultry
2.5
2.8
g/kg
60
%
Leucine, ileal standardized, poultry
3.1
3.6
g/kg
60
%
Phenylalanine, ileal standardized, poultry
1.7
1.9
g/kg
64
%
Tyrosine, ileal standardized, poultry
0.6
0.7
g/kg
54
%
Phenylalanine + tyrosine, ileal standardized, poultry
1.3
1.5
g/kg
61
%
Histidine, ileal standardized, poultry
1.4
1.6
g/kg
59
%
Arginine, ileal standardized, poultry
2.1
2.4
g/kg
64
%
Alanine, ileal standardized, poultry
1.9
2.1
g/kg
60
%
Aspartic acid, ileal standardized, poultry
3.9
4.4
g/kg
58
%
Glutamic acid, ileal standardized, poultry
5.3
6.1
g/kg
64
%
Glycine, ileal standardized, poultry
2.5
2.8
g/kg
53
%
Serine, ileal standardized, poultry
2.1
2.4
g/kg
59
%
Proline, ileal standardized, poultry
1.6
1.8
g/kg
62
%
DE growing pig (MJ)
5
5.7
MJ/kg
-
ME growing pig (MJ)
4.6
5.2
MJ/kg
-
NE growing pig (MJ)
2.2
2.5
MJ/kg
-
DE adult pig (MJ)
6.1
6.9
MJ/kg
-
ME adult pig (MJ)
5.5
6.2
MJ/kg
-
NE adult pig (MJ)
2.6
3
MJ/kg
-
AMEn cockerel (MJ)
2
2.2
MJ/kg
-
AMEn broiler (MJ)
1.9
2.2
MJ/kg
-
ME ruminants INRA 2007 (MJ)
5.9
6.7
MJ/kg
-
DE rabbit (MJ)
3.5
4
MJ/kg
-
ME rabbit (MJ)
3.4
3.8
MJ/kg
-
DE salmonids (MJ)
8.3
9.5
MJ/kg
-
VEM CVB 2018
454
516
per kg
-
VEVI CVB 2018
382
435
per kg
-
DVE CVB 1991
10
11
g/kg
-
OEB CVB 1991
-18
-20
g/kg
-
DVLYS CVB 1991
2.8
3.2
g/kg
-
DVMET CVB 1991
1.4
1.5
g/kg
-
TDN 1x ruminants NRC 2001
26
29.6
%
-
DE 1x ruminants NRC 2001
1.17
1.33
Mcal/kg
-
NE Lactation 3x ruminants NRC 2001
0.32
0.36
Mcal/kg
-
NE Lactation 4x ruminants NRC 2001
0.28
0.32
Mcal/kg
-
NE Maintenance 3x ruminants NRC 2001
0.2
0.23
Mcal/kg
-
NE Gain 3x ruminants NRC 2001
0
0
Mcal/kg
-
EN Lactation ruminants GfE
3.2
3.7
MJ/kg
-
nxP ruminants GfE
80
91
g/kg
-
RNB ruminants GfE
-3
-3
g/kg
-
Lysine ruminants INRA 2018
-
7.6
% PDI
Threonine ruminants INRA 2018
-
5.5
% PDI
Methionine ruminants INRA 2018
-
2.4
% PDI
Isoleucine ruminants INRA 2018
-
5.5
% PDI
Valine ruminants INRA 2018
-
5.9
% PDI
Leucine ruminants INRA 2018
-
8.4
% PDI
Phenylalanine ruminants INRA 2018
-
5
% PDI
Histidine ruminants INRA 2018
-
2.3
% PDI
Arginine ruminants INRA 2018
-
4.8
% PDI
Starch, enzymatic method
0.5
0.6
%
-
1
Vitamin D
0
0
1000 IU/kg
-