Dry matter
91.2
100
%
-
1.8
83.7 -97
415
2.7
Crude protein
32.3
35.4
%
-
2.2
25.8 -41.7
504
2.3
27.5 -43.8
410
Crude fibre
8.8
9.7
%
-
1.5
6 -15.7
419
1.6
6.9 -17.1
346
Crude fat
9.8
10.7
%
-
2
5 -17.9
341
2.2
5.7 -20.1
326
Ash
5.7
6.3
%
-
0.6
3.6 -8
390
0.7
4.2 -10.2
382
Insoluble ash
0.5
0.5
%
-
0.6
0.08 -2
9
0.7
0.09 -2.2
9
NDF
21.6
23.7
%
-
6.2
14.9 -40.5
44
6.8
16.9 -41.8
54
ADF
13.6
15
%
-
1.5
8.7 -16.7
48
1.6
9.7 -18.5
52
Lignin
5.7
6.2
%
-
0.8
2.8 -7.2
64
0.9
3.1 -8
66
Starch
6.6
7.2
%
-
2.1
2.5 -11.2
62
2.3
1.8 -12.7
63
Total sugars
3.9
4.3
%
-
0.4
3.2 -5.7
51
0.5
3.6 -6.6
52
Gross energy (kcal)
4550
4990
kcal/kg
-
390
4180 -5160
17
410
4460 -5850
23
Calcium
3.9
4.3
g/kg
-
0.8
1.4 -6.6
156
0.9
1.5 -7.2
157
Phosphorus
8.5
9.3
g/kg
-
1.8
5.6 -16.8
160
1.9
6 -18.5
162
Phytate phosphorus
5.5
6.1
g/kg
65
% P
1
1
1
Magnesium
4.8
5.2
g/kg
-
0.6
3.7 -5.6
12
0.6
3.9 -6.4
13
Potassium
10.3
11.3
g/kg
-
1.6
6.9 -13.2
12
1.7
7.4 -15
12
Sodium
0.63
0.69
g/kg
-
0.12
0.47 -0.83
16
0.13
0.5 -0.91
16
Chlorine
0.3
0.4
g/kg
-
0.2
0.2 -0.5
5
0.2
0.2 -0.6
5
Sulfur
3.5
3.9
g/kg
-
0.5
2.6 -4
7
0.5
2.8 -4.5
7
Dietary cation-anion difference
62
68
mEq/kg
-
Electrolyte balance
282
309
mEq/kg
-
Manganese
35
39
mg/kg
-
5
31 -50
11
Zinc
60
66
mg/kg
-
7
43 -71
10
8
46 -78
11
Copper
17
18
mg/kg
-
2
12 -20
10
2
13 -22
10
Iron
149
164
mg/kg
-
76
56 -167
9
83
60 -366
9
Selenium
0.6
0.7
mg/kg
-
0.3
0 -0.7
7
0.3
0.1 -0.8
6
Cobalt
0.3
0.3
mg/kg
-
0.1
0.2 -0.5
7
0.1
0.2 -0.6
7
Molybdenum
1
1
mg/kg
-
0.4
0.9 -2
5
0.4
1 -2
5
Iodine
0.3
0.3
mg/kg
-
0.2
0 -0.5
6
0.2
0.2 -0.6
5
Lysine
12.7
13.9
g/kg
3.9
g/16g N
1.8
8.6 -15.5
24
1.9
9.1 -17
27
0.4
3-4.4
28
Threonine
12.4
13.6
g/kg
3.9
g/16g N
1.4
9.4 -15.5
22
1.5
10 -17
25
0.2
3.4-4.4
26
Methionine
6.1
6.6
g/kg
1.9
g/16g N
0.7
3.7 -6.9
21
0.8
3.9 -7.5
24
0.2
1.4-2.4
25
Cystine
6
6.6
g/kg
1.9
g/16g N
0.8
4.3 -7
20
0.9
4.8 -8.9
23
0.3
1.3-2.3
24
Methionine + cystine
12.1
13.2
g/kg
3.7
g/16g N
1
11.2 -13.3
11
1.1
12 -16
13
0.4
3.3-4.7
14
Tryptophan
4.9
5.4
g/kg
1.5
g/16g N
0.6
4 -6
11
0.6
4.3 -6.5
12
0.1
1.3-1.8
13
Isoleucine
13.9
15.2
g/kg
4.3
g/16g N
2
10.8 -16.9
21
2.2
11.6 -18.2
24
0.4
3.3-4.7
25
Valine
16.5
18
g/kg
5.1
g/16g N
2.4
12.5 -20
21
2.6
13.4 -22
23
0.5
4-5.7
24
Leucine
19.3
21.2
g/kg
6
g/16g N
2.4
14.5 -24.6
22
2.6
15.5 -27
25
0.3
5.1-6.9
26
Phenylalanine
15.7
17.2
g/kg
4.9
g/16g N
2.1
11.8 -19.1
22
2.2
12.6 -21
25
0.3
4-5.4
26
Tyrosine
7.9
8.6
g/kg
2.4
g/16g N
1.4
5.6 -9.8
20
1.5
6.3 -10.6
23
0.4
1.8-3
24
Phenylalanine + tyrosine
23.6
25.9
g/kg
7.3
g/16g N
3.3
18.7 -28.6
12
3.6
20 -30.8
14
0.5
6.2-8.1
15
Histidine
8.6
9.4
g/kg
2.7
g/16g N
1.6
5 -10.8
22
1.7
5.3 -12
25
0.3
1.9-3.5
26
Arginine
30.3
33.2
g/kg
9.4
g/16g N
4.6
23.4 -38.2
22
5
26.1 -42
25
1.2
6.8-11.6
26
Alanine
15.1
16.6
g/kg
4.7
g/16g N
2
9.9 -19
21
2.2
10.5 -19.6
22
0.2
3.8-4.9
22
Aspartic acid
31.2
34.2
g/kg
9.7
g/16g N
4.4
20.7 -38.2
21
4.8
22 -42
23
0.9
6.7-10.8
23
Glutamic acid
64.9
71.1
g/kg
20.1
g/16g N
9.5
36.6 -76
21
10.3
39 -81.8
23
2
14.2-21.1
23
Glycine
19.1
21
g/kg
5.9
g/16g N
2.3
13.1 -23.5
21
2.4
14 -24.3
23
0.3
4.8-6.4
24
Serine
15.3
16.7
g/kg
4.7
g/16g N
1.7
10.7 -18.3
22
1.8
11.4 -19
23
0.3
3.9-5
23
Proline
11.9
13.1
g/kg
3.7
g/16g N
1.9
8.3 -16.8
13
2.1
8.8 -17.3
15
0.3
3.2-4.5
15
C14:0 myristic acid
0.03
0.03
g/kg
0.03
% FA
0.05
0-0.1
8
C16:0 palmitic acid
4.9
5.4
g/kg
5.6
% FA
0.8
4.2-7.7
17
C16:1 palmitoleic acid
0.07
0.07
g/kg
0.08
% FA
0.06
0-0.2
10
C18:0 stearic acid
3.9
4.2
g/kg
4.4
% FA
1.4
2.5 -6.1
6
1.2
2.6-6.4
17
C18:1 oleic acid
17.6
19.3
g/kg
20.2
% FA
4.3
15.2 -26.3
6
2.4
15.8-24.8
17
C18:2 linoleic acid
12.9
14.1
g/kg
14.7
% FA
4.7
12.6 -23.4
5
2
10.2-17.8
17
C18:3 linolenic acid
47.1
51.6
g/kg
53.8
% FA
7.8
37.9 -59.3
6
3.5
47.8-59.9
17
Fatty acids
8.7
9.6
%
90
% fat
2
87-91
5
Vitamin E
8.2
9
mg/kg
-
DE growing pig (kcal)
3510
3840
kcal/kg
-
ME growing pig (kcal)
3260
3570
kcal/kg
-
NE growing pig (kcal)
2210
2430
kcal/kg
-
DE adult pig (kcal)
3640
3990
kcal/kg
-
ME adult pig (kcal)
3340
3660
kcal/kg
-
NE adult pig (kcal)
2290
2510
kcal/kg
-
Energy digestibility growing pig
-
77.1
%
OM digestibility growing pig
-
78.8
%
N digestibility growing pig
-
89.8
%
Crude fat digestibility pig
-
71
%
Energy digestibility adult pig
-
80
%
OM digestibility adult pig
-
81.8
%
N digestibility adult pig
-
92.2
%
Digestible P pig (no phytase)
1
1.1
g/kg
12
%
AMEn cockerel (kcal)
2480
2720
kcal/kg
-
340
2070 -2990
7
370
2270 -3370
7
PDIA INRA 2007
139
152
g/kg
-
PDIN INRA 2007
230
253
g/kg
-
PDIE INRA 2007
177
194
g/kg
-
25
162 -193
4
27
131 -203
8
ME ruminants INRA 2007 (kcal)
2760
3020
kcal/kg
-
Energy digestibility ruminants INRA 2007
-
77.8
%
OM digestibility ruminants INRA 2007
-
77.5
%
1
N digestibility ruminants
-
76.6
%
1
N digestibility, intestinal, ruminants
-
85
%
Fatty acids digestibility ruminants
-
77.1
%
Absorbable P ruminants
5.7
6.3
g/kg
67
% P
N degradability ruminants (k=0.06)
-
55
%
9
50-74
8
Immediately degradable N (a)
-
16
%
1
Potentially degradable N (b)
-
77
%
1
Degradation rate of particles N (c)
-
0.06
h-1
1
Starch degradability, ruminants (k=0.06)
-
80
%
DM degradability ruminants (k=0.06)
-
53
%
Immediately degradable DM (a)
-
21
%
Potentially degradable DM (b)
-
60
%
Degradation rate of particles DM (c)
-
0.07
h-1
Lysine ruminants INRA 2007
-
5.6
% PDIE
Threonine ruminants INRA 2007
-
4.7
% PDIE
Methionine ruminants INRA 2007
-
1.8
% PDIE
Isoleucine ruminants INRA 2007
-
5
% PDIE
Valine ruminants INRA 2007
-
5.6
% PDIE
Leucine ruminants INRA 2007
-
7.4
% PDIE
Phenylalanine ruminants INRA 2007
-
5.1
% PDIE
Histidine ruminants INRA 2007
-
2.4
% PDIE
Arginine ruminants INRA 2007
-
6.3
% PDIE
OM digestibility horse
-
76.3
%
1
Energy digestibility horse
-
73.4
%
Horse Forage Unit
0.87
0.96
per kg
-
Digestible crude protein horse
251
275
g/kg
-
DE rabbit (kcal)
3240
3550
kcal/kg
-
1
1
ME rabbit (kcal)
2940
3220
kcal/kg
-
Energy digestibility rabbit
-
71.3
%
1
N digestibility rabbit
-
76.6
%
1
DE salmonids (kcal)
3040
3330
kcal/kg
-
1
1
Energy digestibility, salmonids
-
34
%
1
N digestibility salmonids
-
70
%
1
Lysine, ileal standardised, pig
9.8
10.8
g/kg
78
%
1.2
6.8 -12.3
9
1.3
7.6 -12.7
10
5
69-85
10
Threonine, ileal standardised, pig
9.6
10.5
g/kg
77
%
1.1
8.7 -12.6
9
1.2
9.6 -13
10
3
73-83
10
Methionine, ileal standardised, pig
5.5
6
g/kg
91
%
0.6
4.3 -6.5
9
0.7
4.8 -6.7
10
4
83-96
10
Cystine, ileal standardised, pig
4.7
5.2
g/kg
79
%
0.5
3.3 -5.1
9
0.5
3.7 -5.3
10
6
66-89
10
Methionine + cystine, ileal standardised, pig
10.2
11.2
g/kg
85
%
Tryptophan, ileal standardised, pig
4.2
4.6
g/kg
86
%
0.6
3.4 -5.4
9
0.7
3.7 -5.5
9
3
82-93
9
Isoleucine, ileal standardised, pig
11.8
12.9
g/kg
85
%
1.6
9.3 -13.7
9
1.7
10 -14.3
10
3
79-90
10
Valine, ileal standardised, pig
13.8
15.1
g/kg
84
%
1.7
10.9 -16.3
8
1.8
12 -16.9
9
3
78-90
10
Leucine, ileal standardised, pig
16.5
18.1
g/kg
86
%
1.9
15.7 -21.8
9
2
16.7 -22.5
10
3
79-90
10
Phenylalanine, ileal standardised, pig
13.7
15
g/kg
87
%
1.6
11.5 -16.9
9
1.7
12.7 -17.5
10
3
80-93
10
Tyrosine, ileal standardised, pig
6.5
7.1
g/kg
83
%
1
4.7 -7.5
9
1
5 -8.1
10
4
77-90
10
Phenylananine + tyrosine, ileal standardised, pig
20.2
22.1
g/kg
86
%
Histidine, ileal standardised, pig
7.1
7.7
g/kg
82
%
1
6.2 -8.9
9
1
6.5 -9.2
10
5
75-88
10
Arginine, ileal standardised, pig
27.8
30.5
g/kg
92
%
3.7
21.9 -35
9
4
23.9 -36.1
10
3
84-97
10
Alanine, ileal standardised, pig
12.1
13.2
g/kg
80
%
1.8
10.8 -16.8
9
2
11.5 -17.3
9
4
76-88
9
Aspartic acid, ileal standardised, pig
25.5
27.9
g/kg
82
%
3.6
19.2 -31.9
9
3.9
20.6 -32.9
10
3
76-86
10
Glutamic acid, ileal standardised, pig
56.8
62.2
g/kg
88
%
6.9
43.6 -66.2
9
7.5
47.7 -68.4
10
3
81-92
10
Glycine, ileal standardised, pig
14.3
15.7
g/kg
75
%
2.4
11.7 -20.1
9
2.6
12.6 -20.7
10
6
67-85
10
Serine, ileal standardised, pig
12.3
13.4
g/kg
80
%
1.4
10.2 -15.7
9
1.5
11.4 -16.2
10
3
76-86
10
Lysine, ileal standardized, poultry
10.5
11.5
g/kg
83
%
Threonine, ileal standardized, poultry
9.8
10.8
g/kg
79
%
Methionine, ileal standardized, poultry
5.3
5.9
g/kg
88
%
Cystine, ileal standardized, poultry
4
4.4
g/kg
67
%
Methionine + cystine, ileal standardized, poultry
9.4
10.3
g/kg
78
%
Tryptophan, ileal standardized, poultry
3.9
4.3
g/kg
80
%
Isoleucine, ileal standardized, poultry
10.7
11.7
g/kg
77
%
Valine, ileal standardized, poultry
12.8
14.1
g/kg
78
%
Leucine, ileal standardized, poultry
14.9
16.3
g/kg
77
%
Phenylalanine, ileal standardized, poultry
12.3
13.4
g/kg
78
%
Tyrosine, ileal standardized, poultry
6.1
6.6
g/kg
77
%
Phenylalanine + tyrosine, ileal standardized, poultry
18.3
20.1
g/kg
78
%
Histidine, ileal standardized, poultry
6.4
7
g/kg
74
%
Arginine, ileal standardized, poultry
22.4
24.6
g/kg
74
%
Alanine, ileal standardized, poultry
11.6
12.8
g/kg
77
%
Aspartic acid, ileal standardized, poultry
23.1
25.3
g/kg
74
%
Glutamic acid, ileal standardized, poultry
48
52.6
g/kg
74
%
Glycine, ileal standardized, poultry
14.5
15.9
g/kg
76
%
Serine, ileal standardized, poultry
11.3
12.4
g/kg
74
%
Proline, ileal standardized, poultry
9.2
10.1
g/kg
77
%
Gross energy (MJ)
19
20.9
MJ/kg
-
1.6
17.5 -21.6
17
1.7
18.6 -24.5
23
Absorbable Ca ruminants
2.1
2.3
g/kg
55
% Ca
NDF digestibility ruminants
-
61
%
UFL FL1 INRA 2018
1.07
1.17
per kg
-
UFV FL1 INRA 2018
1.04
1.14
per kg
-
PDIA FL1 INRA 2018
104
113
g/kg
-
PDI FL1 INRA 2018
151
165
g/kg
-
Rumen protein balance FL1 INRA 2018
115
126
g/kg
-
UFL INRA 2018
1.04
1.14
per kg
-
UFV INRA 2018
1.01
1.11
per kg
-
PDIA INRA 2018
119
130
g/kg
-
PDI INRA 2018
164
180
g/kg
-
Rumen protein balance INRA 2018
100
109
g/kg
-
NE lactation ruminants INRA 2018 (kcal)
1830
2010
kcal/kg
-
NE meat production ruminants INRA 2018 (kcal)
1780
1950
kcal/kg
-
ME ruminants INRA 2018 (kcal)
2830
3100
kcal/kg
-
OM digestibility ruminants INRA 2018
-
76.1
%
Energy digestibility ruminants INRA 2018
-
76.4
%
N degradability ruminants INRA 2018
-
57
%
Starch degradability ruminants INRA 2018
-
82
%
Lysine ruminants INRA 2018
-
5.4
% PDI
Threonine ruminants INRA 2018
-
4.6
% PDI
Methionine ruminants INRA 2018
-
2
% PDI
Isoleucine ruminants INRA 2018
-
4.7
% PDI
Valine ruminants INRA 2018
-
5.4
% PDI
Leucine ruminants INRA 2018
-
7.4
% PDI
Phenylalanine ruminants INRA 2018
-
5.1
% PDI
Histidine ruminants INRA 2018
-
2.5
% PDI
Arginine ruminants INRA 2018
-
6.5
% PDI
ME ruminants INRA 2018 (MJ)
12
13.2
MJ/kg
-
NE lactation ruminants INRA 2018 (MJ)
7.8
8.6
MJ/kg
-
NE meat production ruminants INRA 2018 (MJ)
7.6
8.4
MJ/kg
-
DM degradability ruminants INRA 2018
-
54
%
UFL FL4 INRA 2018
0.99
1.09
per kg
-
UFV FL4 INRA 2018
0.95
1.04
per kg
-
PDIA FL4 INRA 2018
138
152
g/kg
-
PDI FL4 INRA 2018
182
200
g/kg
-
Rumen protein balance FL4 INRA 2018
79
86
g/kg
-
Origin France, ex factory
Phosphorus consumption
5.61
6.14
g P/kg
-
Origin France, ex factory
Cumulative energy demand (non-renewable: fossil+nuclear)
4.63
5.08
MJ/kg
-
Origin France, ex factory
Climate change (ILCD)
568
622
g CO2eq/kg
-
Origin France, ex factory
Acidification (ILCD)
0.0114
0.0125
mol H+eq/kg
-
Origin France, ex factory
Eutrophication (CML baseline)
49.79
54.58
g PO4---eq/kg
-
Origin France, ex factory
Land competition (CML non baseline)
0.0003
0.0004
m²yr/kg
-
Fill Unit ruminants INRA 2018
0.336
0.368
per kg
-
Water insoluble cell walls
20.8
22.8
%
-
C6 + C8 + C10 fatty acids
0
0
g/kg
0
% FA
C12:0 lauric acid
0
0
g/kg
0
% FA
0
0-0
6
C18:4 stearidonic acid
0
0
g/kg
0
% FA
1
C20:0 arachidic acid
0.1
0.2
g/kg
0.2
% FA
0.1
0-0.3
13
C20:1 eicosenoic acid
0.08
0.09
g/kg
0.09
% FA
0.09
0-0.2
10
C20:4 arachidonic acid
0
0
g/kg
0
% FA
0-0
4
C20:5 eicosapentaenoic acid
0
0
g/kg
0
% FA
0-0
2
C22:0 behenic acid
0.1
0.1
g/kg
0.1
% FA
0.09
0-0.2
11
C22:1 erucic acid
0.04
0.05
g/kg
0.05
% FA
0.1
0-0.3
6
C22:5 docosapentaenoic acid
0
0
g/kg
0
% FA
0-0
3
C22:6 docosahexaenoic acid
0
0
g/kg
0
% FA
0-0
3
C24:0 lignoceric acid
0.05
0.05
g/kg
0.06
% FA
0.05
0-0.1
9
Digestible P pig (with phytase)
1.5
1.7
g/kg
18
%
AMEn broiler (kcal)
2380
2610
kcal/kg
-
Available P cockerel
2.1
2.3
g/kg
25
% P
Available P broiler
2.1
2.3
g/kg
25
% P
UFL INRA 2007
0.99
1.09
per kg
-
UFV INRA 2007
0.95
1.04
per kg
-
Proline, ileal standardised, pig
8.6
9.4
g/kg
72
%
1
1
DE growing pig (MJ)
14.7
16.1
MJ/kg
-
ME growing pig (MJ)
13.6
15
MJ/kg
-
NE growing pig (MJ)
9.3
10.2
MJ/kg
-
DE adult pig (MJ)
15.2
16.7
MJ/kg
-
ME adult pig (MJ)
14
15.3
MJ/kg
-
NE adult pig (MJ)
9.6
10.5
MJ/kg
-
AMEn cockerel (MJ)
10.4
11.4
MJ/kg
-
AMEn broiler (MJ)
10
10.9
MJ/kg
-
ME ruminants INRA 2007 (MJ)
11.5
12.7
MJ/kg
-
DE rabbit (MJ)
13.6
14.9
MJ/kg
-
1
1
ME rabbit (MJ)
12.3
13.5
MJ/kg
-
DE salmonids (MJ)
12.7
13.9
MJ/kg
-
1
1
VEM CVB 2018
993
1089
per kg
-
VEVI CVB 2018
1038
1138
per kg
-
DVE CVB 1991
162
178
g/kg
-
OEB CVB 1991
99
108
g/kg
-
DVLYS CVB 1991
3.8
4.2
g/kg
-
DVMET CVB 1991
1.6
1.7
g/kg
-
TDN 1x ruminants NRC 2001
76.9
84.3
%
-
DE 1x ruminants NRC 2001
3.67
4.02
Mcal/kg
-
NE Lactation 3x ruminants NRC 2001
1.99
2.18
Mcal/kg
-
NE Lactation 4x ruminants NRC 2001
1.88
2.06
Mcal/kg
-
NE Maintenance 3x ruminants NRC 2001
2.07
2.27
Mcal/kg
-
NE Gain 3x ruminants NRC 2001
1.44
1.58
Mcal/kg
-
Rumen Undegradable Protein (diet 25% concentrate) NRC 2001
-
43
%
Rumen Undegradable Protein (diet 50% concentrate) NRC 2001
-
50
%
EN Lactation ruminants GfE
7
7.7
MJ/kg
-
nxP ruminants GfE
253
277
g/kg
-
RNB ruminants GfE
11
12
g/kg
-
Starch, enzymatic method
1.3
1.4
%
-
1.2
0 -2
3
1.3
0 -2.7
5
Vitamin D
0
0
1000 IU/kg
-