Dry matter
90.4
100
%
-
1
86.9 -94.7
2973
1.5
Crude protein
36.6
40.4
%
-
1.4
32 -50.5
3093
1.5
36 -54.8
2984
Crude fibre
17.8
19.6
%
-
1.6
14.1 -26.4
2986
1.8
15.5 -30
2903
Crude fat
1.2
1.4
%
-
0.4
0.1 -4.5
2536
0.5
0.1 -5
2520
Ash
6.5
7.2
%
-
0.5
5.4 -8.3
700
0.5
6.1 -9.1
679
Insoluble ash
0.1
0.1
%
-
0.1
0.03 -0.3
9
0.1
0.03 -0.3
8
NDF
31.4
34.8
%
-
4.8
21.1 -41.3
63
5.3
22.3 -45
72
ADF
21
23.2
%
-
3.5
15 -27.9
63
3.9
12 -29.8
73
Lignin
6.7
7.5
%
-
1.4
4 -9.5
81
1.6
2.8 -10.8
92
Water insoluble cell walls
27.7
30.6
%
-
24 -45
4
Starch
3.5
3.9
%
-
2
0.9 -5.9
20
2.2
1 -8.2
20
Total sugars
6.7
7.4
%
-
1.1
4.7 -7.6
9
1.2
5.3 -9.1
13
Gross energy (kcal)
4180
4620
kcal/kg
-
130
4020 -4870
23
140
4500 -5200
38
Calcium
4
4.4
g/kg
-
0.8
2.2 -6.4
229
0.9
2.5 -7.2
222
Phosphorus
10.4
11.5
g/kg
-
1.8
8 -18.7
261
2
9 -20.2
246
Phytate phosphorus
8.8
9.8
g/kg
85
% P
0.9
7.6 -10.1
6
1
1
Magnesium
5
5.6
g/kg
-
1.1
3.5 -6.4
8
1.2
3.8 -7.2
7
Potassium
15.1
16.6
g/kg
-
1.9
10.4 -17.4
23
2.1
11.5 -19.2
14
Sodium
0.08
0.08
g/kg
-
0.15
0 -0.53
33
0.16
0 -0.6
13
Chlorine
1.2
1.4
g/kg
-
0.2
0.8 -1.6
25
0.3
0.9 -1.8
9
Sulfur
4.4
4.9
g/kg
-
0.1
4.3 -4.7
7
Dietary cation-anion difference
77
85
mEq/kg
-
Electrolyte balance
354
392
mEq/kg
-
Manganese
40
45
mg/kg
-
9
19 -122
14
10
21 -49
7
Zinc
85
94
mg/kg
-
7
56 -110
14
Copper
29
32
mg/kg
-
5
8 -77
28
6
9 -42
22
Iron
448
496
mg/kg
-
697
149 -1870
6
1
Selenium
0.3
0.3
mg/kg
-
1
Cobalt
0.1
0.2
mg/kg
-
Molybdenum
2
2
mg/kg
-
Iodine
0.09
0.1
mg/kg
-
1
Lysine
13
14.4
g/kg
3.6
g/16g N
1.2
9.2 -23.6
138
1.3
11.5 -18.2
114
0.3
2.8-4.4
133
Threonine
13.2
14.6
g/kg
3.6
g/16g N
1.1
9.4 -17.3
63
1.2
12.7 -18.4
48
0.2
3-4.2
64
Methionine
8.2
9.1
g/kg
2.2
g/16g N
0.8
5.1 -10.9
64
0.9
7.1 -11.6
47
0.2
1.5-2.6
63
Cystine
6.2
6.8
g/kg
1.7
g/16g N
1
3.4 -9.1
61
1.1
5.2 -10
44
0.2
1.3-2.2
60
Methionine + cystine
14.4
15.9
g/kg
3.9
g/16g N
1.7
8.5 -19.7
62
1.9
11.7 -21.6
45
0.4
3-4.8
60
Tryptophan
4.6
5.1
g/kg
1.3
g/16g N
0.8
3.6 -6.7
27
0.9
4 -6.8
11
0.1
1-1.6
28
Isoleucine
15
16.6
g/kg
4.1
g/16g N
1.6
9.6 -20.2
60
1.8
13.7 -21.9
44
0.3
3-4.7
61
Valine
18
19.9
g/kg
4.9
g/16g N
2.1
11.3 -23.7
62
2.3
15.8 -25.8
46
0.4
3.8-5.7
63
Leucine
22.4
24.8
g/kg
6.1
g/16g N
2.4
15.1 -30.2
60
2.6
20.6 -32.8
44
0.3
5.3-6.8
61
Phenylalanine
16.1
17.8
g/kg
4.4
g/16g N
1.8
10.8 -22
60
1.9
14.5 -23.9
44
0.2
3.7-4.8
61
Tyrosine
8.4
9.3
g/kg
2.3
g/16g N
1.3
5.7 -12.7
42
1.5
6.3 -12.7
27
0.3
1.7-3.2
44
Phenylalanine + tyrosine
24.5
27.1
g/kg
6.7
g/16g N
2.5
18.8 -34.3
44
2.8
20.8 -33.9
28
0.5
5.5-8
44
Histidine
8.8
9.7
g/kg
2.4
g/16g N
1.1
5.9 -12.2
55
1.2
8.5 -13.2
39
0.2
2.1-3
56
Arginine
30
33.2
g/kg
8.2
g/16g N
3.4
18 -42.3
52
3.8
28.5 -46
36
0.5
7.3-10.1
53
Alanine
15.6
17.3
g/kg
4.3
g/16g N
1.9
11 -20.2
52
2.1
13.9 -21.9
37
0.3
3.7-5
54
Aspartic acid
32.2
35.6
g/kg
8.8
g/16g N
3.6
21.6 -43.8
54
3.9
29.9 -47.6
38
0.5
7.8-9.7
55
Glutamic acid
70.3
77.8
g/kg
19.2
g/16g N
9.4
43 -101
52
10.3
65.7 -110
36
1.3
17-22.9
53
Glycine
20.6
22.8
g/kg
5.6
g/16g N
2.3
14.8 -27.6
58
2.5
19.4 -29.4
42
0.4
4.7-6.7
59
Serine
15.1
16.7
g/kg
4.1
g/16g N
1.6
10.7 -20.9
57
1.8
14.1 -22.6
41
0.2
3.6-4.6
58
Proline
15.2
16.8
g/kg
4.2
g/16g N
2.6
9.8 -26.1
38
2.9
14.6 -28.2
22
0.4
3.6-5.4
39
C14:0 myristic acid
0.01
0.01
g/kg
0.08
% FA
0.04
0-0.1
8
C16:0 palmitic acid
0.6
0.7
g/kg
6.4
% FA
0.4
5.9-7.2
11
C16:1 palmitoleic acid
0.02
0.02
g/kg
0.2
% FA
0-0.6
4
C18:0 stearic acid
0.4
0.4
g/kg
4.3
% FA
0.8
2.8-5.4
11
C18:1 oleic acid
1.9
2.1
g/kg
20.2
% FA
3.3
15.3-28
11
C18:2 linoleic acid
6.1
6.7
g/kg
65.2
% FA
4.7
59.3-73.6
18
C18:3 linolenic acid
0.03
0.03
g/kg
0.3
% FA
0.3
0-1
11
Fatty acids
0.9
1
%
75
% fat
Vitamin E
10.8
11.9
mg/kg
-
Vitamin B1 thiamin
3
3.3
mg/kg
-
Vitamin B2 riboflavin
3.4
3.8
mg/kg
-
Vitamin B6 pyridoxine
13.3
14.7
mg/kg
-
Niacin
235
260
mg/kg
-
Pantothenic acid
39.5
43.7
mg/kg
-
Choline
2559
2830
mg/kg
-
Phytase activity
0
0
IU/kg
-
1
DE growing pig (kcal)
2690
2970
kcal/kg
-
330
2290 -3310
9
370
2510 -3600
10
ME growing pig (kcal)
2450
2710
kcal/kg
-
NE growing pig (kcal)
1450
1600
kcal/kg
-
DE adult pig (kcal)
2920
3230
kcal/kg
-
ME adult pig (kcal)
2630
2910
kcal/kg
-
NE adult pig (kcal)
1560
1730
kcal/kg
-
Energy digestibility growing pig
-
64.3
%
8.3
53.3-76.6
10
OM digestibility growing pig
-
66.8
%
59-74.5
2
N digestibility growing pig
-
77.8
%
3.4
75.8-88.1
11
N digestibility ileal standardised pig
-
82
%
3
79-88.1
7
Crude fat digestibility pig
-
0
%
Energy digestibility adult pig
-
69.9
%
OM digestibility adult pig
-
72.3
%
N digestibility adult pig
-
81.7
%
Digestible P pig (no phytase)
2
2.2
g/kg
19
%
1
AMEn cockerel (kcal)
1570
1740
kcal/kg
-
1
300
1590 -2610
10
AMEn broiler (kcal)
1560
1720
kcal/kg
-
1460 -1650
2
1570 -1790
2
Available P broiler
1.8
2
g/kg
17
% P
PDIA INRA 2007
84
93
g/kg
-
13
15
65 -103
7
PDIN INRA 2007
240
266
g/kg
-
14
15
236 -279
7
PDIE INRA 2007
129
143
g/kg
-
14
15
115 -156
7
ME ruminants INRA 2007 (kcal)
2170
2400
kcal/kg
-
1
1
Energy digestibility ruminants INRA 2007
-
68.6
%
64.8-74.1
4
OM digestibility ruminants INRA 2007
-
69.1
%
65.1-74.2
4
N digestibility ruminants
-
76.2
%
N digestibility, intestinal, ruminants
-
89
%
Fatty acids digestibility ruminants
-
58.9
%
Absorbable P ruminants
6.9
7.6
g/kg
66
% P
N degradability ruminants (k=0.06)
-
77
%
8
59-82
9
Immediately degradable N (a)
-
33
%
5-38
4
Potentially degradable N (b)
-
60
%
Degradation rate of particles N (c)
-
0.16
h-1
0.069-0.23
3
Starch degradability, ruminants (k=0.06)
-
80
%
DM degradability ruminants (k=0.06)
-
60
%
Immediately degradable DM (a)
-
34
%
6
24-38
5
Potentially degradable DM (b)
-
44
%
6
35-51
5
Degradation rate of particles DM (c)
-
0.085
h-1
0.048
0.042-0.172
5
Lysine ruminants INRA 2007
-
5.9
% PDIE
Threonine ruminants INRA 2007
-
4.8
% PDIE
Methionine ruminants INRA 2007
-
2.1
% PDIE
Isoleucine ruminants INRA 2007
-
5.1
% PDIE
Valine ruminants INRA 2007
-
5.7
% PDIE
Leucine ruminants INRA 2007
-
7.8
% PDIE
Phenylalanine ruminants INRA 2007
-
5
% PDIE
Histidine ruminants INRA 2007
-
2.3
% PDIE
Arginine ruminants INRA 2007
-
5.9
% PDIE
OM digestibility horse
-
75.9
%
Energy digestibility horse
-
73.1
%
Horse Forage Unit
0.79
0.88
per kg
-
Digestible crude protein horse
276
306
g/kg
-
DE rabbit (kcal)
2640
2920
kcal/kg
-
1
ME rabbit (kcal)
2290
2530
kcal/kg
-
Energy digestibility rabbit
-
63.1
%
1
N digestibility rabbit
-
79.9
%
1
Lysine, ileal standardised, pig
10.8
11.9
g/kg
83
%
10.3 -13.7
3
11.4 -14.9
3
4
77-89
7
Threonine, ileal standardised, pig
10.8
11.9
g/kg
82
%
10.7 -11.7
3
11.7 -13.1
3
4
76-89
7
Methionine, ileal standardised, pig
7.4
8.2
g/kg
91
%
3
86-96
7
Cystine, ileal standardised, pig
5.1
5.6
g/kg
82
%
4.7 -5.1
3
5.2 -5.7
3
2
79-86
7
Methionine + cystine, ileal standardised, pig
12.5
13.8
g/kg
87
%
12.4 -13
3
13.6 -14.3
3
2
86-91
6
Tryptophan, ileal standardised, pig
3.9
4.3
g/kg
84
%
83-86
2
Isoleucine, ileal standardised, pig
12.6
14
g/kg
84
%
4
79-93
7
Valine, ileal standardised, pig
14.9
16.4
g/kg
83
%
13.9 -16.9
3
15.2 -19
3
5
76-92
7
Leucine, ileal standardised, pig
19
21
g/kg
85
%
20.9 -21.9
3
4
79-92
7
Phenylalanine, ileal standardised, pig
13.9
15.4
g/kg
87
%
5
80-94
7
Tyrosine, ileal standardised, pig
7.4
8.2
g/kg
88
%
3
83-93
7
Phenylananine + tyrosine, ileal standardised, pig
21.4
23.7
g/kg
87
%
4
84-94
6
Histidine, ileal standardised, pig
7.4
8.2
g/kg
84
%
4
81-91
7
Arginine, ileal standardised, pig
28.1
31
g/kg
94
%
27.6 -33.8
3
30.5 -37
3
1
92-97
7
Alanine, ileal standardised, pig
12.7
14.1
g/kg
81
%
12.3 -13.1
3
13.4 -14.5
3
5
76-91
7
Aspartic acid, ileal standardised, pig
26.8
29.6
g/kg
83
%
26.8 -27.8
3
29.3 -31.3
3
4
78-91
7
Glutamic acid, ileal standardised, pig
63.3
70
g/kg
90
%
3
87-96
7
Glycine, ileal standardised, pig
15.4
17.1
g/kg
75
%
14.5 -16.4
3
15.9 -18.4
3
4
70-81
7
Serine, ileal standardised, pig
12.5
13.8
g/kg
83
%
4
79-89
7
Proline, ileal standardised, pig
13.3
14.7
g/kg
87
%
12.7 -15
3
13.9 -16.9
3
5
82-92
5
Lysine, ileal standardized, poultry
10.6
11.8
g/kg
82
%
1
1
1
Threonine, ileal standardized, poultry
10
11.1
g/kg
76
%
1
1
1
Methionine, ileal standardized, poultry
7.5
8.3
g/kg
92
%
1
1
1
Cystine, ileal standardized, poultry
4.5
5
g/kg
73
%
1
1
1
Methionine + cystine, ileal standardized, poultry
12
13.3
g/kg
84
%
Isoleucine, ileal standardized, poultry
12.8
14.1
g/kg
85
%
1
1
1
Valine, ileal standardized, poultry
14.9
16.5
g/kg
83
%
1
1
1
Leucine, ileal standardized, poultry
18.8
20.8
g/kg
84
%
1
1
1
Phenylalanine, ileal standardized, poultry
14
15.5
g/kg
87
%
1
1
1
Tyrosine, ileal standardized, poultry
7.3
8
g/kg
86
%
1
1
1
Phenylalanine + tyrosine, ileal standardized, poultry
21.3
23.5
g/kg
87
%
Histidine, ileal standardized, poultry
6.8
7.5
g/kg
77
%
1
1
1
Arginine, ileal standardized, poultry
27.3
30.2
g/kg
91
%
1
1
1
Alanine, ileal standardized, poultry
13
14.3
g/kg
83
%
1
1
1
Aspartic acid, ileal standardized, poultry
25.8
28.5
g/kg
80
%
1
1
1
Glutamic acid, ileal standardized, poultry
61.2
67.7
g/kg
87
%
1
1
1
Glycine, ileal standardized, poultry
14.6
16.2
g/kg
71
%
1
1
1
Serine, ileal standardized, poultry
11.8
13
g/kg
78
%
1
1
1
Proline, ileal standardized, poultry
14.3
15.8
g/kg
94
%
1
1
1
Gross energy (MJ)
17.5
19.4
MJ/kg
-
0.6
16.8 -20.4
23
0.6
18.8 -21.8
38
Absorbable Ca ruminants
2.2
2.4
g/kg
55
% Ca
NDF digestibility ruminants
-
61.2
%
UFL FL1 INRA 2018
0.8
0.88
per kg
-
UFV FL1 INRA 2018
0.74
0.82
per kg
-
PDIA FL1 INRA 2018
67
74
g/kg
-
PDI FL1 INRA 2018
114
126
g/kg
-
Rumen protein balance FL1 INRA 2018
205
226
g/kg
-
UFL INRA 2018
0.78
0.86
per kg
-
UFV INRA 2018
0.71
0.79
per kg
-
PDIA INRA 2018
79
87
g/kg
-
PDI INRA 2018
123
136
g/kg
-
Rumen protein balance INRA 2018
195
215
g/kg
-
NE lactation ruminants INRA 2018 (kcal)
1370
1510
kcal/kg
-
NE meat production ruminants INRA 2018 (kcal)
1250
1380
kcal/kg
-
ME ruminants INRA 2018 (kcal)
2190
2420
kcal/kg
-
OM digestibility ruminants INRA 2018
-
67.7
%
Energy digestibility ruminants INRA 2018
-
67.2
%
N degradability ruminants INRA 2018
-
76
%
Starch degradability ruminants INRA 2018
-
82
%
Lysine ruminants INRA 2018
-
5.6
% PDI
Threonine ruminants INRA 2018
-
4.7
% PDI
Methionine ruminants INRA 2018
-
2.3
% PDI
Isoleucine ruminants INRA 2018
-
4.8
% PDI
Valine ruminants INRA 2018
-
5.5
% PDI
Leucine ruminants INRA 2018
-
7.8
% PDI
Phenylalanine ruminants INRA 2018
-
5
% PDI
Histidine ruminants INRA 2018
-
2.4
% PDI
Arginine ruminants INRA 2018
-
6
% PDI
ME ruminants INRA 2018 (MJ)
9.2
10.2
MJ/kg
-
NE lactation ruminants INRA 2018 (MJ)
5.7
6.3
MJ/kg
-
NE meat production ruminants INRA 2018 (MJ)
5.3
5.8
MJ/kg
-
DM degradability ruminants INRA 2018
-
59
%
UFL FL4 INRA 2018
0.73
0.81
per kg
-
UFV FL4 INRA 2018
0.66
0.73
per kg
-
PDIA FL4 INRA 2018
95
105
g/kg
-
PDI FL4 INRA 2018
139
154
g/kg
-
Rumen protein balance FL4 INRA 2018
178
196
g/kg
-
Origin Ukraine, ex port of delivery (Sète, France)
Phosphorus consumption
2.42
2.68
g P/kg
-
Origin France, low dehulling (32% CP), ex factory
Phosphorus consumption
2.34
2.59
g P/kg
-
Origin France, high dehulling (36% CP), ex factory
Phosphorus consumption
3.17
3.51
g P/kg
-
Origin Ukraine, ex port of delivery (Sète, France)
Cumulative energy demand (non-renewable: fossil+nuclear)
4.06
4.5
MJ/kg
-
Origin France, low dehulling (32% CP), ex factory
Cumulative energy demand (non-renewable: fossil+nuclear)
2.4
2.65
MJ/kg
-
Origin France, high dehulling (36% CP), ex factory
Cumulative energy demand (non-renewable: fossil+nuclear)
3.21
3.55
MJ/kg
-
Origin Ukraine, ex port of delivery (Sète, France)
Climate change (ILCD)
554
613
g CO2eq/kg
-
Origin France, low dehulling (32% CP), ex factory
Climate change (ILCD)
239
265
g CO2eq/kg
-
Origin France, high dehulling (36% CP), ex factory
Climate change (ILCD)
324
359
g CO2eq/kg
-
Origin Ukraine, ex port of delivery (Sète, France)
Acidification (ILCD)
0.006
0.0066
mol H+eq/kg
-
Origin France, low dehulling (32% CP), ex factory
Acidification (ILCD)
0.0045
0.005
mol H+eq/kg
-
Origin France, high dehulling (36% CP), ex factory
Acidification (ILCD)
0.0061
0.0068
mol H+eq/kg
-
Origin Ukraine, ex port of delivery (Sète, France)
Eutrophication (CML baseline)
22.27
24.63
g PO4---eq/kg
-
Origin France, low dehulling (32% CP), ex factory
Eutrophication (CML baseline)
19.57
21.64
g PO4---eq/kg
-
Origin France, high dehulling (36% CP), ex factory
Eutrophication (CML baseline)
26.53
29.34
g PO4---eq/kg
-
Origin Ukraine, ex port of delivery (Sète, France)
Land competition (CML non baseline)
0.0004
0.0005
m²yr/kg
-
Origin France, low dehulling (32% CP), ex factory
Land competition (CML non baseline)
0.0003
0.0003
m²yr/kg
-
Origin France, high dehulling (36% CP), ex factory
Land competition (CML non baseline)
0.0004
0.0004
m²yr/kg
-
Fill Unit ruminants INRA 2018
0.29
0.321
per kg
-
Tryptophan, ileal standardized, poultry
3.9
4.3
g/kg
84
%
C6 + C8 + C10 fatty acids
0
0
g/kg
0
% FA
C12:0 lauric acid
0
0
g/kg
0.01
% FA
0-0.02
3
C18:4 stearidonic acid
0
0
g/kg
0
% FA
C20:0 arachidic acid
0.04
0.05
g/kg
0.4
% FA
0.6
0.2-1.7
7
C20:1 eicosenoic acid
0.02
0.02
g/kg
0.2
% FA
0.2-0.2
2
C20:4 arachidonic acid
0
0
g/kg
0
% FA
1
C20:5 eicosapentaenoic acid
0
0
g/kg
0
% FA
1
C22:0 behenic acid
0.03
0.03
g/kg
0.3
% FA
0-0.6
2
C22:1 erucic acid
0
0
g/kg
0
% FA
1
C22:5 docosapentaenoic acid
0
0
g/kg
0
% FA
1
C22:6 docosahexaenoic acid
0
0
g/kg
0
% FA
1
C24:0 lignoceric acid
0.02
0.02
g/kg
0.2
% FA
1
Digestible P pig (with phytase)
3
3.3
g/kg
29
%
Available P cockerel
1.8
2
g/kg
17
% P
UFL INRA 2007
0.76
0.84
per kg
-
0.75 -0.9
4
UFV INRA 2007
0.68
0.76
per kg
-
0.65 -0.83
4
DE salmonids (kcal)
2780
3080
kcal/kg
-
Energy digestibility, salmonids
-
66.5
%
N digestibility salmonids
-
86.9
%
DE growing pig (MJ)
11.2
12.4
MJ/kg
-
ME growing pig (MJ)
10.3
11.3
MJ/kg
-
NE growing pig (MJ)
6
6.7
MJ/kg
-
DE adult pig (MJ)
12.2
13.5
MJ/kg
-
ME adult pig (MJ)
11
12.2
MJ/kg
-
NE adult pig (MJ)
6.5
7.2
MJ/kg
-
AMEn cockerel (MJ)
6.6
7.3
MJ/kg
-
1
AMEn broiler (MJ)
6.5
7.2
MJ/kg
-
ME ruminants INRA 2007 (MJ)
9.1
10.1
MJ/kg
-
1
1
DE rabbit (MJ)
11
12.2
MJ/kg
-
1
ME rabbit (MJ)
9.6
10.6
MJ/kg
-
DE salmonids (MJ)
11.6
12.9
MJ/kg
-
VEM CVB 2018
755
835
per kg
-
VEVI CVB 2018
749
828
per kg
-
DVE CVB 1991
109
121
g/kg
-
OEB CVB 1991
200
221
g/kg
-
DVLYS CVB 1991
3.1
3.4
g/kg
-
DVMET CVB 1991
1.3
1.5
g/kg
-
TDN 1x ruminants NRC 2001
58.8
65
%
-
DE 1x ruminants NRC 2001
2.96
3.27
Mcal/kg
-
NE Lactation 3x ruminants NRC 2001
1.47
1.63
Mcal/kg
-
NE Lactation 4x ruminants NRC 2001
1.39
1.53
Mcal/kg
-
NE Maintenance 3x ruminants NRC 2001
1.6
1.77
Mcal/kg
-
NE Gain 3x ruminants NRC 2001
1.03
1.14
Mcal/kg
-
Rumen Undegradable Protein (diet 25% concentrate) NRC 2001
-
22
%
Rumen Undegradable Protein (diet 50% concentrate) NRC 2001
-
26
%
EN Lactation ruminants GfE
5.3
5.9
MJ/kg
-
nxP ruminants GfE
182
201
g/kg
-
RNB ruminants GfE
29
32
g/kg
-
Starch, enzymatic method
1
1.2
%
-
0.6 -1.7
2
Vitamin D
0
0
1000 IU/kg
-